Larder terms and meanings Flashcards
What is a brunoise
A very fine dice used as a garnish. To cut, proceed as for Julienne, then cut the strips into 3mm dice.
What is a Jardiniere
Vegetable batons
What is a Julienne
Long thin strips
What is Macedoine
5mm dice of vegetable or fruit. The fruit for a fruit salad are often cut into these cubes
What is Paysanne
Thin slices of vegetables cut into various shapes, e.g. triangles, rounds, squares
What is a concasse
Roughly chopped, e.g. parsley, tomatoes
What is a Chiffonnade
Finely shredded lettuce or other leafy vegetable use as base or garnish
What is a Hache
Finely chopped or minced
What is mirepoix
Roughly cut onion, carrot, celery, used for base of stocks, sauces, poêles
What is a bouquet garni
Bundle of herbs (faggot), parsley stalks, thyme, bay leaf
What is a Cloute
Onion studded with cloves used for flavouring
What is a Duxelle
Finely chopped mushrooms cooked with shallots and seasoning
What is a croute
Various shapes of fried or toasted bread on which foods are presented
What are Croutons
Fried bread, triangular, cubed or heart shaped to garnish soups and salads
What is Court bouillon
Cooking liquor used for cooking fish and some offal
What is an emulsion
Mixture of oil and liquid (such as vinegar) which does not separate on standing (mayonnaise, hollandaise)
What is fume?
Smoked, e.g. smoked salmon
What is a marinade
Richly spiced liquid with wine and aromatise to flavour and tenderise meats
What is a pass
To go through a sieve or strainer
What is a bain-marie?
Container of water to keep foods, sauces, soups, hot without burning
Container of water for cooking foods to prevent them from burning
What is a cartouche
A piece of greased paper to cover foods in cooking
What is a chinois
Fine or coarse conical strainer
What does blanch mean?
To remove tomato skins in hot water, to cook and retain colour in green vegetables. To cook without colour (as for first frying of deep fried potato chips)
What does refresh mean?
To stop cooking process in cold water
What does drain mean
To place food in a colander, allowing liquid to seep out
What does strain mean
To separate the liquids from the solids through a strainer
What is crosscontamination
Transfer of micro organisms from contaminated to uncontaminated hands, utensils or equipment
