Languge history chapter 1 Flashcards
Is English a germanic languge?
Yes
who were the settlers in England before the coming of the germanic tribes?
The celts and the Romans
What languages influenced the English languges first?
Celtic, latin, scandinavian and french
Did the pikts influence the English language?
Perhaps, it may have
Were do we find celtic languages today?
Wales, Scotland, Ireland
When the romans came 2000 years ago did the celts come into contact with them?
yes
Did latin continue trugh the catholic church?
Yes
When does English start?
When the germanic tribes reach the british Isles in 449
When did the romans leave Britain?
In 410
Who asked the anglo-saxon tribes to help them?
The celts
Who were the tribes that invaded Britain?
The Fusians, the angles, the saxons, the jutes
Does the word “English” derive from the Angles tribes?
Yes
Has English adopted many words from other languages
Yes
were does half of the english vocabulary come from in English?
French and Latin
Was French and Latin used to add formality into the language?
Yes
How many modern vowels does English have?
13-14
How many consonants does the English language have?
25 consonants
What does Endings in Old English express in modern English?
What word order and prepostions do in modern English
What are some external changes that influenced the English language?
politically, geograpically, socially
What are some internal changes that influenced the English language?
Linguistically internal changes
What is the reason for external changes?
language contact, “modern day example is ; LOL
what is the reason for internal changes?
ease of articulation, “M is easier to say before a P, than K”. Internal changes may also occur when speakers stop using endings or inflections on verbs and nouns adn start to rely on words such as; for, the, have
When did the germanic tribes settle in England ?
In 450
When did scandinavian tribes raid Britain?
Between 8th and 10 th century.
when did William of Normandy conquer Harold?
1066, during the Battle of Hastings
When is the OE, ME, Emod and ModE periods?
OE: 450-1150
ME:1150-1500
Emod: 1500-1700
ModE: 1700-now
What is the difference between the OE and the ME in terms of grammar?
OE has many endings on nouns and verbs, wheras ME uses grammatical words such as prepostions, aricles, and auxiliaries.
why is 1150 chosen?
Because txts were being written at that time and many case endings had begun to be lost
why is 1500 chosen?
Most grammatical changes had taken place by then and the great vowel shift were nearly complete. Printing introduced.
Why is 1500-1700 chosen?
Restoration of the British monarchy and the declaration of independence from USA
Why is 1700 chosen?
Because spelling is standardized by then and the great vowel shift is complete.
