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French Wine Scholar > Languedoc > Flashcards

Languedoc Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 topographical zones that the Languedoc is divided into?

A

1) Coastal plains
2) Mountains & hillsides
3) Atlantic corridor

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2
Q

Describe the climate of the Languedoc

A
  • Essentially 2 seasons: mild winters and hot, dry summers
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3
Q

What issues do sea breezes have here? How are these countered?

A
  • Bring unwanted moisture to the vineyards

- Countered by the Tramontane (bring cool air during the summer months and chase humidity)

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4
Q

Which topographical zones achieve the most concentrated wines and why?

A
  • Mountainous areas

- The vines here achieve true winter dormancy, cooler summers and diurnal temperature swings

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5
Q

What are the synonyms of the following grapes?

  • Rolle
  • Ugni Blanc
  • Malbec
  • Nielluccio
A
  • Rolle (Vermentino)
  • Ugni Blanc (Trebbiano)
  • Malbec (Côt)
  • Nielluccio (Sangiovese)
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6
Q

What style of wine dominates in AOC Languedoc? What are the main varieties used?

A
  • Red

- GSM, Lladoner Pelut, Cinsault & Carignan

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7
Q

What style of wine dominates in Clairette du Languedoc? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • White
  • Clairette
  • Limestone
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8
Q

What style of wine dominates in Picpoul de Pinet? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • White
  • Picpoul
  • Limestone
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9
Q

What style of wine dominates in Faugéres-Cru? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • GSM, Cinsault & Carignan
  • Schist
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10
Q

What style of wine dominates in Saint Chinian? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • GSM, Lladoner Pelut, Cinsault & Carignan
  • Schist (north), Clay/limestone (south)
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11
Q

What style of wine dominates in Terrasses du Larzac? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • GSM, Cinsault & Carignan
  • Clay, stone, ruffe and limestone
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12
Q

What style of wine dominates in Minervois? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • Shiraz, GM, Carignan, Cinsault, Terret, Aspiran, Piquepoul Noir
  • Clay, limestone, sandstone, marble & schist
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13
Q

What style of wine dominates in Corbieres? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • Carignan, GSM, Lladoner Pelut & Cinsault
  • Limestone
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14
Q

What style of wine dominates in Fitou? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • Carignan/Grenache & SM
  • Clay limestone (maritime) & limestone/sandstone (Haut Fitou)
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15
Q

What style of wine dominates in La Clape-Cru? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • GSM, Carignan & Cinsault
  • Limestone
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16
Q

What style of wine dominates in Cabardés? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • Merlot, Cab Franc & Sav, Syrah, Grenache, Malbec, Fer & Cinsault
  • Limestone
17
Q

What style of wine dominates in Malepére? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red
  • Merlot, Malbec, Cab Franc, Cab Sav, Grenache & Cinsault
  • Clay/limestone
18
Q

What style of wine dominates in Limoux? What are the main varieties used? What are the main soil types here?

A
  • Red, white & sparkling
  • Red: Merlot, Malbec, Cab Franc & Sav, Grenache, Syrah & Carignan
  • White: Mauzac, Chenin Blanc & Chardonnay
  • Limestone with sandstone, quartz & clay
19
Q

What style of wine dominates in Blanquette de Limoux? What are the main varieties used? What are the ageing requirements and styles made? What is special about this AOC?

A
  • Sparkling
  • Mauzac, Chenin Blanc & Chardonnay
  • 9 months ageing sur lie. Brut or demi-sec.
  • Oldest sparkling wine in the world
20
Q

What varieties are used in Crémant de Limoux? What are the ageing requirements? How are rosé wines made?

A
  • Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Mauzac & Pinot Noir
  • 12 months ageing sur lie
  • Rosé styles introduced in 2006 are achieved by blending <10% Pinot Noir to the assemblage.
21
Q

What varieties are used in Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale? What are the 2 distinct ways the wines are made? What is the max abv and RS level? What are the ageing requirements?

A
  • 100% Mauzac
    1) Partially fermented must is chilled in December and bottled in March producing a lightly sparkling wine that is slightly cloudy due to the yeast.
    2) Chill the partially fermented must and then bottle with the addition of yeast and disgorge after 2-3 months.
  • <7% abv and 60-80g/L RS
  • The wine needs to be aged for at least 2 months before release.
22
Q

What varieties are used in the production of still white wine from Limoux? What are the grape handling and ageing requirements?

A
  • Mauzac, Chardonnay & Chenin Blanc
  • Grapes must be hand-harvested and barrel fermented
  • Wines must be aged in barrel until May the following vintage (min 7 months)
23
Q

What varieties are used in the production of dry red wine from Limoux? What are the grape handling and ageing requirements?

A
  • Merlot, Malbec, Grenache, Syrah, Carignan, Cab Franc & Sav.
  • The wine must be a blend of at least 3 of the above varieties
  • Grapes can be hand-harvested or machine-picked.
  • Wines must be aged in tank or barrel for at least 7 months.
24
Q

What grape variety are all Languedoc VDN wines made from?

A
  • Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc
25
Q

How are VDN wines made and what are the various RS requirements? What are the grape handling requirements? What is the wine style?

A
  • Fermenting must is fortified with a neutral grape spirit
  • Wine finishes with 15% abv and a min 110g/L RS (except Saint Jean de Minervois which is 125g/L)
  • All grapes are hand-harvested and dry grown
  • All wines are made reductively
26
Q

Name the 4 VDN AOCs

A

1) Muscat de Lunel
2) Muscat de Mireval
3) Muscat de Frontignan
4) Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois

27
Q

What is the important regional IGP of the Languedoc?

A

IGP Pays d’Oc

28
Q

What is different about the Cabardés AOC?

A

It is a mix of Atlantic and Mediterranean varieties

29
Q

Which Languedoc AOC can source fruit from both Languedoc and Roussillon?

A

AOC Languedoc

30
Q

When did the Monks of St Hilaire discover the phenomenon of sparkling wine? How many years was this before Dom Pérignon “tasted the stars”?

A
  • 1531

- 150 years before

31
Q

What was named a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1996? What was special about it?

A
  • Canal du Midi

- Effectively connected the Mediterranean to the Atlantic.

32
Q

When did the protectionist policies of the Bordelais end?

A

1776

33
Q

Which AOC is most renowned for Syrah based wines?

A

Minervois

French Wine Scholar (15 decks)

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