Jura Flashcards
Which part of the Saone graben does Jura represent?
The eastern uplift
How much wine from Jura is exported?
10%
What was Louis Pasteur famous for?
He discovered and named yeast as the microbe responsible for fermentation
What was Charles Rouget famous for?
He noted that identical grape varieties often assumed alternate names when grown on different sites.
What was Alexis Arpin famous for?
Championed against fraud and the idea of the AOC.
What was Alexis Millardet famous for?
The Bordeaux mixture which combats mildew.
What is the relationship between Jura and the Jurassic Era?
The Jurassic Era takes its name from the Jura Mountains, where the marls from this time period were first identified.
What is the climate of Jura?
Semi-continental.
Similar to Burgundy but with more rain and disease pressure.
What is the role of surface yeast in winemaking?
It allows for controlled oxidation due to the semi-permeable nature of the yeast. The primary by-product is aldehyde and the wines have notes of walnut, hazlenut and spice. The aldehyde is formed as the yeast metabolises ethyl acetate and acids. The wines are ‘sherry’ like.
What does the term ouillé refer to?
Without ullage. The wines are made reductively with barrels topped up.
What does the term sous voile refer to?
Under flor/with ullage. The characteristics of the wine are like sherry.
What resulted in the clavelin being 620ml?
Depending on cellar conditions, a significant amount of wine can be lost during the ageing period.
What are the 5 authorised grapes?
Chardonnay, Savagnin, Poulsard, Pinot Noir & Trousseau
Which is the most planted variety?
Chardonnay (42% of total plantings)
What is Chardonnay used for?
Most of the white wines.
What is Savagnin used for?
Produces Vin Jaune due its high acidity.
Makes other oxidative and reductive wines.
34% of total plantings.
What is Poulsard used for and what are its characteristics?
Pale coloured wines.
Used for rosés and crémants. Part of the Vin de Paille blend.
What is Pinot Noir used for?
Macvin du Jura & Crémant.
Describe Arbois AOC and the wines made here
Largest region
All 5 varieties grown here and all styles of wines made.
70% red production
Describe Chateau-Chalon AOC and the wines made here
Only Savagnin grown for Vin Jaune.
Vineyards are evaluated annually and unsatisfactory wine can’t be sold as Chateau-Chalon (sold as Cotes du Jura Vin Jaune or Cotes du Jura Savagnin)
Describe L’Étoile AOC and the wines made here
Only white wines produced.
Vin de Paille and Vin Jaune wines made
Describe Cotes du Jura AOC and the wines made here
White and crémant are dominant products
All wine styles can be made
Describe Macvin du Jura AOC and the wines made here
Wines are made by adding marc (neutral grape spirit) to grape must at 1/3rd of the volume. The wine is then aged in cask for 10 months and is released with an abv of 16-20%.
All 5 grapes are authorised and it can be red or white.
Chardonnay is the grape of choice.
How is the marc used for Macvin du Jura made?
By distilling Jura wine pomace. The marc must see 14 months in barrel before it can used.
Describe Crémant du Jura AOC and the wines made here
All 5 grapes authorised.
Grapes must be hand-harvested.
90% of production is white and are mostly Chardonnay based.
Wine law states >70% Chardonnay, Pinot Noir & Trousseau.
Produced in a brut or demi-sec style.
Rosé Crémant must contain >50% Pinot Noir, Poulsard and/or Trousseau.
How is Vin Jaune made?
Produced solely from Savagnin in Chateau-Chalon, Arbois, L’Étoile and Cotes du Jura.
After fermentation, wine is stored in old barrels on ullage.
They are stored in an aerated environment without temperature control.
Wine in barrel can’t be topped up for 60 months.
The wine gets sherry characteristics.
The wine can’t be bottled until 6 years and 3 months after the vintage (or January, 7 years after harvest)
It must be bottled in 620ml called clavelin.
How is Vin de Paille made?
All grapes except Pinot Noir can be used.
Unblemished clusters are picked at the beginning of the vintage and dried for at least 6 weeks (traditionally on straw but mostly boxes in areated loft spaces now).
The aim is allow the fruit to desiccate, concentrating sugar and flavour compounds.
The grapes are pressed between the end of December and February.
The fermentation is slow and doesn’t finish dry.
Wines are naturally sweet with 14-15% abv.
The wines are matured for at least 18 months in barrel and can’t be released until at least 3 years after the vintage.
The wines are always bottled in 375ml.
Most are made from Chardonnay, Savagnin and Poulsard.
How long will Vin Jaune wines keep?
At least 10 years and 100 years in a good vintage.
How long with Vin de Paille wines keep?
At least 10 years
How long will Macvin wines keep?
5-20 years and will keep for several weeks once opened.
What are the serving temperatures for the following wines?
Vin Jaune
Vin de Paille
Macvin
Vin Jaune: 14-16
Vin de Paille: 6-8
Macvin: 6-8
