Language Short Answers Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Skinner Believe about Verbal Behaviour?

A

Language explainable in terms of operant conditioning.

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2
Q

What did Skinner Believe about Language and other Species?

A

Continuous with other species.

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3
Q

What did Chomsky Believe about Syntactic Structures?

A

Language is generative, not explainable in terms of associative learning.

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4
Q

What did Chomsky Believe about Language and other Species?

A

Language is uniquely human.

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5
Q

What is the Motor Theory of Speech Perception?

A

We “hear” phonemes according to how we produce them, not according to the sound waves that reach the ear.

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6
Q

What is the Idea of Generativity?

A

By using recursive principles you can (theoretically) generate an infinite number of sentences.

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7
Q

What is Chomsky’s Minimalist Program?

A

Unbounded merge - recursive interval by which we can form hierarchical structures of any degree of complexity.

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8
Q

What is one of Effects of Autism?

A

Deficit in theory of mind - take things very literally.

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9
Q

What are 4 Pieces of Evidence Towards Language being Innate?

A

Any child can learn any language, language -> organ, universal grammar, it evolved because it’s highly adaptive.

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10
Q

What are 4 Pieces of Evidence Towards Language being Habit?

A

Constant exposure to language, highly overlearned, we are unaware of it, we learn it because it’s highly adaptive.

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11
Q

Which Side of the Brain is Language on?

A

Left side.

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12
Q

Which Side of the Brain is Pragmatics on?

A

Right side.

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13
Q

What Happens when Broca’s Area is Damaged?

A

Patient can understand but can’t speak fluently.

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14
Q

What Happens when Wernicke’s Area is Damaged?

A

Patient can speak fluently but meaninglessly.

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15
Q

Where is Language Development After 6 Months?

A

Babbling.

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16
Q

Where is Language Development After 1 Year?

A

Single-word production.

17
Q

Where is Language Development After 2 Years?

A

Telegraphic speech.

18
Q

Where is Language Development After 4 Years?

A

Some grammar - over regularisation.

19
Q

Where is Language Development After 6 Years?

A

10,000 words.

20
Q

Where is Language Development After 21 Years?

A

50,000 words.

21
Q

What is the Darwinian View of Language Development?

A

It evolved gradually and incrementally.

22
Q

What is the Gestual Theory of Language?

A

Evolved from manual gestures.

23
Q

How did Language Switch from Hand to Mouth?

A

Associations instead of pictures, facial gestures more economical, sound added.