Language Short Answers Flashcards
What did Skinner Believe about Verbal Behaviour?
Language explainable in terms of operant conditioning.
What did Skinner Believe about Language and other Species?
Continuous with other species.
What did Chomsky Believe about Syntactic Structures?
Language is generative, not explainable in terms of associative learning.
What did Chomsky Believe about Language and other Species?
Language is uniquely human.
What is the Motor Theory of Speech Perception?
We “hear” phonemes according to how we produce them, not according to the sound waves that reach the ear.
What is the Idea of Generativity?
By using recursive principles you can (theoretically) generate an infinite number of sentences.
What is Chomsky’s Minimalist Program?
Unbounded merge - recursive interval by which we can form hierarchical structures of any degree of complexity.
What is one of Effects of Autism?
Deficit in theory of mind - take things very literally.
What are 4 Pieces of Evidence Towards Language being Innate?
Any child can learn any language, language -> organ, universal grammar, it evolved because it’s highly adaptive.
What are 4 Pieces of Evidence Towards Language being Habit?
Constant exposure to language, highly overlearned, we are unaware of it, we learn it because it’s highly adaptive.
Which Side of the Brain is Language on?
Left side.
Which Side of the Brain is Pragmatics on?
Right side.
What Happens when Broca’s Area is Damaged?
Patient can understand but can’t speak fluently.
What Happens when Wernicke’s Area is Damaged?
Patient can speak fluently but meaninglessly.
Where is Language Development After 6 Months?
Babbling.
Where is Language Development After 1 Year?
Single-word production.
Where is Language Development After 2 Years?
Telegraphic speech.
Where is Language Development After 4 Years?
Some grammar - over regularisation.
Where is Language Development After 6 Years?
10,000 words.
Where is Language Development After 21 Years?
50,000 words.
What is the Darwinian View of Language Development?
It evolved gradually and incrementally.
What is the Gestual Theory of Language?
Evolved from manual gestures.
How did Language Switch from Hand to Mouth?
Associations instead of pictures, facial gestures more economical, sound added.
