Language of Pathophysiology Flashcards
Organ or system level changes (disease or abnormal condition) are known as what?
GROSS CHANGES
Microscopic level changes (disease or abnormal condition) are known as what?
MICROSCOPIC CHANGES
Name the term for “excision of very small amounts of living tissue”?
BIOPSY
Name the term for examination after death?
AUTOPSY
Name the term concerning the causative factors in a particular disease?
ETIOLOGY
Name some common etiological agents of disease?
BACTERIA, VIRUSES, TRAUMA, BURNS, RADIATION, POISONS, ALCOHOL, NUTRITION
Name the two methods which etiological factors can cause disease to be present?
CONGENITAL - present at birth
+
ACQUIRED - surface later in life
When the cause of disease is unknown, it is termed ___________.
IDIOPATHIC
What is the term for a treatment, procedure or error causing disease?
ie - bladder infection after urinary catheterization
IATROGENIC
Name the term for factors which indicate a risk for disease?
*** age, inherited factors, occupational, dietary…
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
Name the factor which is a condition that triggers an acute episode?
ie - seizure in individual with seizure disorder
PRECIPITATING FACTOR
_____________ of disease is closely linked to etiology and predisposing factors for a specific disease.
PREVENTION
Name the prevention level of removing risk factors?
PRIMARY PREVENTION
Name the prevention level of detecting disease early?
*** pap, mammogram etc.
SECONDARY PREVENTION
Name the prevention level of clinical intervention to prevent further deterioration or reduce complications after diagnosis?
TERTIARY PREVENTION
Name the term referring to the sequence of cellular and tissue events from etiological agent to ultimate expression of disease?
PATHOGENESIS
Onset of disease may be sudden and obvious, or is may be gradual - otherwise known as what?
INSIDIOUS
Name the term for short term illness that develops quickly with marked signs and symptoms?
ie - acute appendicitis
ACUTE DISEASE
Name the term for a milder condition which develops gradually, persisting for a long period of time.
ie - rheumatoid arthritis
CHRONIC DISEASE
What is the term for manifestations of a disease subsiding?
REMISSION
What is the term for manifestations of a disease increasing?
EXACERBATION
Name the state where pathological changes occur, but no obvious manifestations are exhibited by the patient?
SUBCLINICAL STATE
In the course of disease, the initial latent or silent stage is known as what?
INCUBATION PERIOD
In the course of disease, the time in early development where the body is undergoing changes with unclear signs, is known as what?
PRODROMAL PERIOD
In the course of disease, the appearance of signs and symptoms is known as what?
ACUTE or CLINICAL STAGE
In the course of disease, when a patient harbors an organism without active infection, but can pass it on, what is the name of the stage?
CONVALESCENT or CARRIER STAGE
In the course of disease, the total elimination of the pathogen without residual signs and symptoms, is known as what?
RESOLUTION
Clinical manifestations can be found at the site of the problem - ___________, or involving different organ systems of the body - _____________.
LOCAL
+
SYSTEMIC
Name the term for any perceptible change in the body or function that indicates disease or phases of disease?
*** noticed by person with disorder
SYMPTOM
Name the term for an objective indicator of disease?
*** noticed by an observer
SIGN
Name the term for a collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ, that usually occur together in response to a certain condition?
SYNDROME
Name the term which refers to the designation as to the nature/cause of a health problem?
*** requires a careful history, physical exam, and diagnostic tests
DIAGNOSIS
Name the term for new secondary or additional problems that arise after the original disease begins?
COMPLICATIONS
In massage therapy, we take into consideration when an ankle sprain may cause hip issues from limping. What are these factors called?
COMPENSATORY FACTORS / CHANGES
Name the term describing the potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition?
ie - paralysis following stroke recovery
SEQUELAE
Name the term for treatment measures used to promote recovery or slow the progress of a disease?
THERAPY
or
THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
What is the name of the period of recovery to normal health state?
CONVALESCENCE
or
REHABILITATION
____________ indicates the disease rates within a group. The term is also used to indicate the functional impairment that certain conditions cause.
MORBIDITY
____________ indicates the relative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease.
MORTALITY
