Language Levels - Grammar Flashcards
What is a noun phrase and example?
Adjective + noun, e.g. the shiny dress.
What is a verb phrase and example?
Auxiliary/modal + verb, e.g. she could dance.
What is a phrasal verb and example?
Verb + preposition, e.g. wake up.
What is an adjective phrase and example?
adjective + (optional) adverb + (optional) other modifies, e.g. extremely talented young artist.
What is an adverb phrase and example?
Adverb + (optional) other modifiers, e.g. very slowly.
What is a prepositional phrase and example?
Preposition + noun phrase, e.g. on the table.
What is a main clause and example?
The core of the sentence – can exist on its own, e.g. ‘the dog wags his tail’.
What is a subordinate clause and example?
Exists as an addition to the main clause – it cannot exist without it (introduced or ended with a comma), e.g. ‘BARKING AND PANTING, the dog walk his tail’.
What is a relative clause and example?
A clause which adds more information and is introduced by a relative pronoun, e.g. ‘the dog, whose name is Milo, wagged his tail’.
What is a parenthetical clause?
A clause which exists in brackets.
What is a minor/fragment sentence and example?
An incomplete sentence (missing one of more of SVO), e.g. ‘sugar and milk?’.
What is a simple sentence and example?
A main clause on its own, e.g. ‘the dog wagged his tail’.
What is a compound sentence and example?
Two or more simple sentences joined by conjunction, e.g. ‘the dog wagged his tail and ran around the garden’.
What is a complex sentence and example?
A sentence which contains at least one subordinate clause, e.g. ‘barking, and panting, the dog wagged his tail and run around the garden’.
What is interrogative and example?
Used to ask a question, e.g. ‘What is your dog called?’
What is a declaritive and example?
Used to make a statement, e.g. ‘My dog is called Milo.’
What is an imperative and examples?
Used to make a command, e.g. ‘Stop barking!’
What is a exclamative and example?
Used to make an exclamation, e.g. ‘What a cute dog!’
What is a disguised imperative and example?
E.g. ‘It’s cold in here’, may be a declarative, but it may be that the speaker wants the reader to close the window, which would make it a disguised imperative.
What is a conditional clause and example?
Expresses a condition and its potential consequence. It typically consists of two parts: the condition (if-clause) and the result (main clause), e.g. “If it rains, we will stay indoors.”
What is a fronted adverbial and example?
An adverb or adverbial placed at the start of the sentence, e.g. Yesterday, …
What is a defining relative clause?
Provides essential information to understand the sentence.
What is a non-defining relative clause?
Provides extra, non essential information.
What is an independent clause and example?
Can stand alone as complete sentences because they express a complete thought. For example, “She went to the store.”
What is a dependent clause and example?
Cannot stand alone as complete sentences because they do not express a complete thought. They need an independent clause to form a complete sentence. For instance, “Because she was hungry.”
