Language Files Chapter 6

Question 1

Anti-Intersection adjective

Answer 1

An adjective whose referents are not in the set referents are not in the set referred to by the noun that it modifies

Question 2

Antonymy

Answer 2

A meaning relationship between words where their meanings are in some sense opposite

Question 3

Complementary Antonyms

Answer 3

Pair of antonyms such that everything must be described by the first word, the second word, or neither and such that saying of something that it is not a member of the set

Question 4

Complementary Antonyms

Answer 4

Pair of antonums such that everything must be described by the first word, the second word or neither; and such that saying of something that it is not a member of the set denoted by the first word implicates that it is in the set denoted by the second word

Question 5

Compositional meaning

Answer 5

The meaning of a phrasal expression that is predictable from the meanings of smaller expressions it contains and how they syntactically combined

Question 6

Compostional Semantics

Answer 6

A subfield of semantics that studies the meanings of phrasal expressions, and how those meanings arise given the meanings of the lexical expressions they contain and how they are syntactically combined

Question 7

Converses

Answer 7

Antonyms in which the first word of the pair suggests a point of view opposite to that of the second word

Question 8

Entailment

Answer 8

A relationship between propositions where a proposition is said to entail another proposition q just in case if p is true, q has to be true as well

Question 9

Gradable Antonyms

Answer 9

Words that are antonyms and denote oppostie ends of a scale

Question 10

Idiom

Answer 10

a group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words

Question 11

Lexical Expression

Answer 11

A linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon

Question 12

Lexical Semantics

Answer 12

A subfield of semantics that studies meanings of lexical expressions

Question 13

Mental image definition

Answer 13

A conception of a word’s sense as a picture in the mind of the language user that represents its meaning

Question 14

Mutual Entailment

Answer 14

The relationship between two propositions where they entail one another

Question 15

Non Intersetion Adjective

Answer 15

An adjective whose reference is a subset of the set that the noun it modifies refers to, but that does not, in and of itself refer to any particular set of things

Question 16

principle of cmatiompositionality

Answer 16

the notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from the menaings fo the expressions it contains and how they were syntacticRally combined

Question 17

Propostion

Answer 17

The sense expressed by a sentence Characteristally propostions can be true or false, i.e. have truth values

Question 18

Prototype

Answer 18

For any given set, a member that exhibits the typical qualities of the members of that set

Question 19

Pure intersection

Answer 19

The relationship between the reerence of an adjective and a noun it modifies such that each picks out a particular group of things, and the reference of the resulting phrase is all of the the things that are in both the reference set of the adjective and the reference set of the noun

Question 20

Reference

Answer 20

A component of linguistic meaning that relates the sense of some expression to entities in the outside world. The collection of all the referents of an expression

Question 21

Referent

Answer 21

An actual entity or an individiual in the world to which some expression refers

Question 22

Relative intersection

Answer 22

Type of relationship between adjective and noun reference where the reference of the adjective is deteremined relative to the noun reference

Question 23

Reverses

Answer 23

Antonyms in which one word in the pair suggests movement that undoes the movement suggested by the other

Question 24

Scalar Antonyms

Answer 24

Words that are antonyms and denote oppostie ends of a scale

Question 25

Semantics

Answer 25

The study of linguistic meaning

Question 26

Sister terms

Answer 26

Words that in terms of their reference are at the same level in the hierarchy i.e. have exactly the same hypernyms

Question 27

Subsective Adjectives

Answer 27

Adjectives whose reference is included in the set of things that the noun they modify refers

Question 28

Truth conditions

Answer 28

The set of conditions that would have to hold in the world true or false. The reference of a sentence in order for the proposition expressed by some sentence to be true

Question 29

Truth Value

Answer 29

Either true or false. The reference of a sentence

Question 30

Usage based definition

Answer 30

A characterization of a word’s sense based on the way that the word is used by speakers of a language