Language Development in Children Flashcards

1
Q

Morpheme

A

Smallest meaningful unit of language

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2
Q

Base, root, or free morphemes

A

mean something and can stand by themselves and can’t be broken down into smaller units

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3
Q

Bound or grammatic morphemes

A

can’t convey meaning alone, combined with free morphemes to mean something

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4
Q

Syntax

A

study of sentence structure

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5
Q

Passive

A

subject receives the action of the verb

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6
Q

Active

A

subject performs the actions of the verb

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7
Q

Interrogative

A

questions

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8
Q

declarative

A

statements

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9
Q

imperative

A

commands

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10
Q

exclamatory

A

express strong feeling

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11
Q

Compound

A

contains two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a conjunction or by a semicolon

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12
Q

clause

A

contains subject and predicate

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13
Q

independent or main clause

A

subject and predicate and can stand alone

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14
Q

Complex

A

contains one independent clause and one or more dependent or subordinate cluases

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15
Q

dependent or subordinate cluase

A

subject and predicate but can’t stand alone “if it doesn’t rain”

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16
Q

semantics

A

study of meaning in a language

17
Q

overextension

A

all round items are balls

18
Q

underextension

A

only an oreo is a cookie

19
Q

quick incidential learning or fast mapping

A

learn a new word based on just a few exposures to it

20
Q

pragmatics

A

study of rules of the use of language in social situations

21
Q

context

A

where the utterance takes place, to whom the utterance is directed and what and who are present at the time

22
Q

cohesion

A

ability to organize utterances so they build logically on one another

23
Q

Nativist theory

A

children are born with a language acquisition device

24
Q

surface structure

A

arrangement of words in a syntactic order, the sentence you hear

25
deep structure
the rules of sentence formation
26
cognitive theory
language acquistion is made possible by cognition and general intellectual processes. Child must first acquire concepts before producing words
27
4 developmental cognitive stages
Sensorimotor (0-2) Preoperational (2-7) Concrete operations (7-11) Formal operations (more than 11)
28
Sensorimotor
symbolic play, babbling, object permanence, 1st word
29
preoperational
egocentric, overextends, underextends, lack of conservation
30
concrete operations
less egocentric, acquire conversation skills, effective classification skills
31
formal operations
lack of egocentricity, inductive and deductive that processes, if/then statments, hypothetical reasoning
32
Behavioral theory
Skinner: events in the child's environment are important. Reinforcement is used. Mands" requests: "do you have something to eat" Tacts: group of verbal responses that describe and comment on the things and events around us Echoics: child imitates what speaker says
33
Information-processing
how language is learned Organization, memory, transfer, attention and discrimination Audtiory processing: auditory discrimination, attention, memory, rate and sequencing
34
Social Interactionism Theory
Vygotsky: Language develops because people are motivated to interact socially with other people around them Scaffolding: treatments is focused around increasing the children's motivations to communicate.