Language And Age

Question 1

Jenny Cheshire: reading study

Answer 1

More non standard uses for those teens who preferred crime, violence and swearing

Question 2

Stenstroms features of teenage talk

Answer 2

Irregular turn-taking
Overlaps
Word shortening (uni)
Teasing and name calling
Slang
Taboo
Language mixing

Question 3

Eckerts features of teenage talk

Answer 3

Slang is used to establish a connection to youth culture and distance from older generations
Use of ‘like’ and ‘okay’
Risingintonation
Multiple negation

Question 4

Eckerts study

Answer 4

1.Argues that there are different ways of defining the concept of language
Chronological (years since birth)
Biological (physical maturity)
Social (life events such as marriage)

Question 5

Influences of technology

Answer 5

Trends are influenced by social media
Boundaries between speech and writing have been blurred
Teenagers use spoken language features when writing autocorrect has led to a more formal register
As technology has developed teen speak has decreased in text language

Question 6

Where did slang originate

Answer 6

Used by British criminals as their own special language

Question 7

Positives of slang

Answer 7

Quick
Accessible to anybody with technology
Popular
Convenient
Fun
Creates role models

Question 8

Negatives of slang

Answer 8

Cyber bullying
Allows for fake identities
Inhibits children
Becoming too reliant on it
Limited lexicon
Creates role models
Easy to get stuck into negative behaviour patterns

Question 9

Why people use slang- Klerk

Answer 9

To establish new identities
Seen as modern, cool and fashionable
Establish themselves as different
Belong to a group

Question 10

Eckerts second 2003 study

Answer 10

Slang used by teens to establish youth culture and identity. Not all teenagers speak alike
Rising intonation
Multiple negation

Question 11

Theorists on context

Answer 11

Jenny Cheshire- language developed due to impart ant life events
Bigham- important life events more likely to occur after 18

Question 12

Gary Ives West Yorkshire study

Answer 12

100% of teenagers thought they speak differently depending on their age and that language become more standard with age

Question 13

Unni Berland

Answer 13

Class is a factor for language variation within an age group
Working class use ‘innit’ more
Middle class used ‘yeah’ more

Question 14

Ignacio Martinez

Answer 14

Teenagers use negative and multiple negations more
Teenagers more direct when speaking

Question 15

Christopher Odato

Answer 15

Found children as young as 4 use ‘like’
Younger children copy the language of those older than them

Question 16

Vivian De Clerk

Answer 16

Young people create identities and freedom to challenge linguistic norms
Want to look modern and cool
Not all teenagers are alike