CLD speaking Flashcards

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1
Q

Skinner

A

Behaviorism
When a child is praised for their language use this is positive reinforcement
When a language characteristic triggers a negative response this is negative reinforcement

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2
Q

Chomsky

A

LAD an innate system whereby young children can make sense of the world around them
Universal grammar
Virtuous errors

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3
Q

What is poverty of the stimulus

A

Language that children exposed to cannot provide sophistication of a whole language.
Children must already possess a language processing capacity

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4
Q

Piaget 4 stages of development

A

0-2 (sensori-motor) developing understanding of object permanence
2-7 (pre- operational) egocentric
7-11 ( concrete operational) logical thinking expressed through language
11-16 ( formal operational) adult like thinking

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5
Q

Criticisms of Piaget

A

Used a small and specific sample size- hard to generalise

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6
Q

Bruner

A

Language is due to social interactions
LASS
Scaffolding

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7
Q

Vygotsky

A

Development requires a MKO
MKO can move a child beyond their zone of proximal development

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8
Q

Tomasello

A

Pattern finding- child is seeking to establish patterns of paired words such as ‘more’ followed by a noun
Appears at two- word stage

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9
Q

Who suggested there was a critical period for a child to learn language

A

Lenneberg

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10
Q

Case study of isabelle

A

Isolates with only her deaf mother
When escapes and supported she acquired thousands of vocabulary
Shows critical period for children is at least 6 years old

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11
Q

Case study of genie

A

Isolates with no exposure to language
When finally released at 13 she could not move beyond teen speech of a two or three year old

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12
Q

What is child direct speech

A

Caregiver I put such as motherless and baby talk

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13
Q

What does child direct speech suggest

A

That meaning is clear through intonation and the way in which utterances I spoken rather than the semantics of the actual word

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14
Q

Features of CDS

A

Pointing, shrugging shoulders
Exaggerated intonation
Repetition of child’s name
Proper nouns replace pronouns
Yes/ no questions
Recasts

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15
Q

Bruner stages of scaffolding

A

Enactive representation (action-based)
Iconic representation (image-based)
Symbolic representation (language-based)

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16
Q

evidence for chomskys innateness

A

under extension
e.g kitty for only the family cat
over extension
e.g ball for a balloon

17
Q

broca and wernickes areas

A

language areas in the brain, therefore must be biological

18
Q

piagets cognitive theory

A

child must understand a concept before it can express the language
e.g must understand size before using ‘larger’ and ‘smaller’

19
Q

criticisms of skinner

A

due to the number of sentences not every sentence a child speaks is reinforced

20
Q

who put forward IRF

A

Sinclair and Coulthard
a pattern of interaction between 2 people
initiate, response, feedback