Language

Question 0

Phonemes

Answer 0

Discrete sounds that make up words but carry no meaning.

Question 1

Morphemes

Answer 1

Made up of phonemes. The smallest units of language which carry meaning. Words or parts of words.

Question 2

Phrase

Answer 2

A group of words which, when put together, function as a syntactic part of a sentence.

Question 3

Syntax

Answer 3

The arrangement of words into a sentence as prescribed by a language. How words for together in the sentence.

Question 4

Grammar

Answer 4

The overall rules which govern the interrelationship between morphemes and syntax.

Question 5

Prosody

Answer 5

Tone inflections, accents, and other aspects of pronunciation that carry meaning.

Question 6

Transformational Grammar

Answer 6

Chomsky.

Differentiates between surface and deep structure.

Question 7

Surface structure

Answer 7

Chomsky: the way that words are organized. Distinct from deep structure.

Question 8

Deep structure

Answer 8

Chomsky: the underlying meaning under the surface structure.

Question 9

Language acquisition device or L A D

Answer 9

Chomsky: the theory that humans have an innate ability to learn language, in an unconditioned way, by learning grammar.

Question 10

Overregularization

Answer 10

The over application of grammar rules by children. Ex I founded the toy.

Question 11

Overextension

Answer 11

Generalizing with names by children. Example anything furry is a “doggy”

Question 12

Language acquisition milestones at one, two, three, and four years of age.

Answer 12

One year: speaks first words.
Two year: spoken words greater than 50 in vocabulary, usually two or three words per phrase.
Three-year: 1000+ vocabulary, many grammar errors.
Four year: grammar problems are random but rare.