Lang of Anatomy and Organ Systems Flashcards
anterior
ventral, towards the front
posterior
dorsal, towards the back
parietal
wall of cavity
transverse plane
horizontal into top and bottom, produces cross section
sagittal plane
vertically into left and right
frontal
vertically into front and back
abdominopelvic regions
right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
right lateral lumbar, umbilical, left lateral lumbar
right inguinal, pubic, left inguinal
integumentary system function
protects deeper organs from injury and drying out, excrete salts and urea, help regulate body temp and produce vitamin D
skeletal system function
protects and supports body organs and is a framework for muscles, blood cell formation, stores minerals
muscular system function
contract/shorten which generate movement of the body and heat
nervous system function
body detects change in environment and respond to information via activation of muscles/glands. use electrical signals to maintain homeostasis
endocrine system function
helps to maintain homeostasis in the body, produces chemical messengers that travel via blood to target organs, promotes growth and development in target regions of the body
cardiovascular system function
heart pumps blood and blood vessels transport it through body
lymphatic system function
returns fluid back to blood that was leaked from blood vessels. cleans blood from pathogens and other debris
respiratory system function
blood is supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
digestive system function
breaks down material that has been ingested that is then absorbed into blood and delivered to cells in other parts of the body. undigested material is removed from the body as fecal matter
urinary system function
eliminated nitrogenous wastes, maintains water, electrolyte, and acid/base balance of blood
reproductive system function
male: testes produces sperm and sex hormones
female: ovaries produce eggs and sex hormones, site of fertilizations
thymus function
body defenses, where T cells mature and become specializes, produces hormones that regulate development of T cells
thymus location
endocrine, lymphatic, mediastinum in thoracic cavity
heart function
pump blood through the body
heart location
cardiovascular, thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity
lung function
site of gas exchange, brings oxygen into bloodstream
lung location
respiratory, pleural cavity
trachea function
major airway of lower respiratory syst, exchanges air with outside environment
trachea location
respiratory, thoracic cavity, mediastinum
bronchi function
major airways of the lower respiratory syst, delivers oxygen rich air to the lungs and in reverse passes our oxygen poor air
bronchi location
respiratory, thoracic cavity
esophagus function
where food passes thru from pharynx to the stomach
esophagus location
digestive, thoracic cavity
diaphragm function
muscle used for breathing and separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity
diaphragm location
respiratory syst, inferior portion of the thoracic cavity
stomach function
stores food, breaks down ingested food mechanically and chemically
stomach location
digestive, abdominal cavity, epigastric region, upper quadrants
small intestine function
chemical digestion, absorption of water, nutrients, and ions
small intestine location
digestive, abdominal cavity, all 4 quadrants, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, hypogastric, left iliac
large intestine function
reabsorbs water and some vitamins, compacts liquid waste into solid waste, stores waste before defecation
large intestine location
digestive, abdominal cavity, r&l lumbar region, umbilical region, in the middle of all quadrants
cecum function
final absorption of all nutrients and compacts liquid waste into solid waste
cecum location
abdominal cavity, right lower quadrant, right iliac region
rectum function
final segment of large intestine and expels waste
rectum location
digestive system, pelvic cavity
anus location
digestive system, pelvic cavity
anus function
control of stool
mesentery function
membrane that attaches intestine to abdominal wall
mesentery location
digestive system, abdominopelvic cavity
pancreas function
secretes pancreatic juice which is a digestive fluid
pancreas location
endocrine, digestive, abdominal cavity, left upper quadrant, epigastric region
spleen function
contribute to body’s defenses
spleen location
lymphatic system, abdominal cavity. left upper quadrant, left hypochondriac region
liver function
regulates chemical levels in blood
liver location
digestive system, abdominopelvic cavity, right hypochondriac region
kidney function
secrete waste from urinary syst
kidney location
urinary, abdominal cav, upper quadrants, r&l hypochondriac regions
adrenals function
make and release hormones into the bloodstream
adrenals location
endocrine syst, abdominal cav
ureter function
moves urine from kidney to bladder
ureter location
urinary syst, abdominopelvic region
urinary bladder function
stores urine and releases when body signals
urinary bladder location
urinary, lower quadrants, pubic region
penis function
urination and ejaculation for sexual reproduction
penis location
reproductive system, pelvic cavity
uterus function
houses and nourishes the developing fetus until birth
uterus location
reproductive system, pelvic cavity
ovary function
produces gametes, progesterone and estrogen
ovary location
reproductive system, pelvic cavity
vagina func
passageway for blood and fetus, receives penis during sexual intercourse and holds sperm until they travel to the uterus
vagina location
female reproductive syst, pelvic cavity, pubic region
vagina orifice function
opening into the vagina, area for menstrual blood to leave, childbirth, and sexual intercourse
vaginal orifice location
reproductive system, pelvic cavity, pubic region
inferior vena cava function
returns blood to the heart from abdominal walls and viscera
inferior vena cava location
cardiovascular system, thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity
descending aorta function
abdominal part of aorta that supplies the trunk w blood
descending aorta location
cardiovascular, abdominal cavity, goes thru center of quadrants, epigastric and umbilical regions
scrotum function
sac that holds and protects testicles
scrotum location
male reproductive syst, pelvic cavity
testis function
make sperm and produce testosterone
testis location
reproductive syst, endocrine syst, pelvic cavity
ductus deferens function
muscular tube that ejects sperm
ductus deferens location
make reproductive syst, pelvic cavity, pubic region
vas deferens location
male reproductive syst, run into pelvic cavity
vas deferens function
connected by epididymis and urethra, transports sperm to prep for ejaculation
