LABs 22, 23, 24: Upper Extremity

Question 1

anterior/posterior compartments of arm: which is flexor, which is extensor?

Answer 1

anterior: flexor
posterior: extensor

Question 2

what creates anterior/posterior compartments of arms’ division?

Answer 2

brachial fascia (deep fascia of the arm)

Question 3

components of anterior compartment of arm

Answer 3

biceps brachii m.
brachialis m.
coracobrachialis m.
musculocutaneous nerve

Question 4

components of posterior compartment of arm

Answer 4

triceps brachii m.

anconeus m.

Question 5

what does short head of biceps brachii muscle attach to?

Answer 5

coracoid process of scapula

Question 6

what does long head of biceps brachii muscle attach to?

Answer 6

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Question 7

which part of biceps brachii m enter should joint?

Answer 7

long head of biceps brachii

Question 8

biceps brachii function

Answer 8

supinates, flexes the forearm via biceps brachii tendon

Question 9

what innervates the anterior compartment of arm muscles?

Answer 9

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 10

coracobrachialis m. function?

Answer 10

adducts, flexes the humerus

Question 11

distal continuation of musculocutaneous nerve?

Answer 11

lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 12

brachialis muscle function?

Answer 12

flexes the forearm

Question 13

where does median nerve course distally?

Answer 13

within medial intermuscular septum

Question 14

where does ulnar nerve travel distally re: forearm?

Answer 14

ulnar nerve is in contact w/ the posterior surface of medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 15

brachial artery is continuation of?

Answer 15

axillary artery

Question 16

brachial artery branches in arm?

Answer 16

1) deep artery of the arm
2) superior ulnar collateral artery
3) inferior ulnar collateral artery

Question 17

what is the cubital fossa

Answer 17

the depression on anterior surface of the elbow

Question 18

borders of cubital fossa

Answer 18

lateral: brachioradialis m.
medial: pronator teres m.
superior: imaginary line connecting medial-lateral epicondyles of humerus
superficial boundary: antebrachial fascia
deep boundary: brachialis and supinator muscles

Question 19

heads of triceps brachii muscle

Answer 19

1) long head
2) lateral head
3) medial head

Question 20

triceps brachii m function?

Answer 20

extends the forearm

Question 21

where do radial nerve and deep artery of the arm run?

Answer 21

in opening between long and lateral heads of triceps brachii m

Question 22

anconeus muscle function

Answer 22

extends forearm (with triceps brachii m)

Question 23

what innervates posterior compartment of the arm muscles?

Answer 23

radial nerve

Question 24

do median and ulnar nerve innervate muscles in the arm?

Answer 24

no!

Question 25

what bone articulations make the elbow joint?

Answer 25

1) articulation of trochlear notch of ulna, trochlea of humerus 2) articulation of head of radius, capitulum of humerus

Question 26

when are radius and ulna parallel?

Answer 26

supination / anatomical position

Question 27

when does radius cross ulna?

Answer 27

pronation

Question 28

muscles of superficial layer of flexors of forearm?

Answer 28

1) pronator teres 2) flexor carpi radialis 3) palmaris longus 4) flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 29

which muscles flex the hand

Answer 29

flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 30

which muscle pronates hand

Answer 30

pronator teres m | pronator quadratus m (deep)

Question 31

which muscle adducts hand

Answer 31

flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 32

intermediate layer of forearm muscle(s)?

Answer 32

ONLY the flexor digitorum sperficialis m!

Question 33

why might ulnar artery be mistaken for a vein?

Answer 33

because in 3% of upper limbs, rachial artery bifurcates in the arm and therefore ulnar artery might course superficial to superficial layer of flexor muscles if inject drug here, can severely damage hand

Question 34

what does median nerve innervation?

Answer 34

flexor compartment of forearm muscles

Question 35

what supplies deep layer of flexor muscles?

Answer 35

anterior interosseus artery

Question 36

what supplies extensor group of forearm muscles?

Answer 36

posterior interosseus artery

Question 37

deep layer of forearm flexor muscles?

Answer 37

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

Question 38

innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 38

lateral half: median nerve | medial half: ulnar nerve

Question 39

what flexes digit 1

Answer 39

flexor pollicis longus m

Question 40

how many carpal bones in hand

Answer 40

8

Question 41

how many metacarpal bones in hand

Answer 41

5

Question 42

how many phalanges bones in hand

Answer 42

14

Question 43

thenar group muscles

Answer 43

1) abductor pollicis brevis 2) flexor pollicis brevis 3) opponens pollicis

Question 44

superficial layer of extensor muscles

Answer 44

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 45

deep layer of extensor muscles

Answer 45

supinator, abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

Question 46

what supinates the hand

Answer 46

supinator muscle!!!

Question 47

does radial nerve innervate any muscles in the hand?

Answer 47

no! because no intrinsic muscles in the dorsum of the hand

Question 48

contents of axilla

Answer 48

axillary sheath, brachial plexus, axillary vessels and branches, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels

Question 49

boundaries of axilla

Answer 49

apex: clavicle, scapula, first rib base: skin and fascia of armpit anterior: pec major m, pec minor m, clavipectoral fascia posterior: posterior axially fold, subscapularis m medial: thoracic wall, serratus anterior m lateral: intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 50

axillary vein forms from?

Answer 50

joining of 2 brachial veins

Question 51

subclavian artery becomes..?

Answer 51

subclavian a > axillary a > brachial a

Question 52

how many parts of axillary artery

Answer 52

3

Question 53

branch of 1st part of axillary artery

Answer 53

superior thoracic artery

Question 54

branches of 2nd part of axillary artery

Answer 54

thoacoaromial a, lateral thoracic a

Question 55

branches of thoracoaromial artery

Answer 55

clavicular, acromial, pectoral, deltoid

Question 56

branches of 3rd part of axillary artery

Answer 56

subscapular a., posterior circumflex humeral a., anterior circumflex humeral a

Question 57

branches of posterior cord of brachial plexus

Answer 57

axillary n., radial n., 3 subscapular nerves

Question 58

subscapular nerves arise from what?

Answer 58

posterior cord | upper, middle, lower subscapulars

Question 59

what muscles form posterior wall of the axilla

Answer 59

latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

Question 60

medial wall of axilla is formed by what muscle

Answer 60

serratus anterior m

Question 61

what nerve runs on superficial surface of posterior side of serratus anterior m

Answer 61

long thoracic n