Labour Party Now 2023-2024 Flashcards
What two reasons lead to labour lose the 2019 general election
- Loss many seats in northern of England in constituencies that were loyal to labour
- voters rejected the left wing redistributions policies of Jeremy Corbyn and put their trust in Boris Johnson promise to ‘get Brexit done’ and commitment to levelling up
Two reasons why w/c voters voted conservatives in 2019
Aspirations : w/c wanted to be like middle class conservatives
Pratronism : saw Brexit as patriotic to England as defending the nation against the bureaucracts in Brussels and taking back control of Britian to take issues of immigration and unemployment
When did Keir Starmer become labour representative
2020
What has moved labour to a much stronger position in goverment ?
- Party gate of conservatives and covid 19
- disastrous premiership of Liz truss
For labour to win and form the next goverment what do they need to do before the next election ?
Labour Need to convince the red wall voters to switch to voting Labour
What is red wall ?
Constituencies across the midlands and north of England they have been solidly traditionally labour but voted for conservatives in 2019
How will labour appeal to the red wall voters ?
Balancing out by appealing to both socially conservatives and Brexit supporting northern voters and also to those who support immigration and see Brexit as a disaster
What did the old labour represent in the 1990s
Working class voters and strongly linked to trade union
Post 1945 what did the labour goverment expand and how ?
Provision of the welfare state by progressive taxation
Why did the old labour have strong links to trade union
Gave working people a political voice and to protect employees from exploitation , whole point of labour
What economy did the old labour favour
Mixed economy with a combination of private and public ownership and Keynesian approach to economic management
When and why did party revive old labour ideas
Leadership of Jeremy Corbyn in 2015 to 2019, Party revived many of the old labour ideas and pledged policies to raise tax for high Earners
What is levelling up ?
Commitment made by conservatives party in 2019 to improve opportunities for everyone
What is old labour ?
Traditional labour policies and ideas such as equality and redistribution
Tony Blair introduced new labour and what ideas did he embrace
Third way
What is new labour third way ?
Influenced by Anthony Giddens Middle way between capitalism and socialism
Why did new labour Tony Blair introduce third way
Necessary to revive electoral fortunes of Labour Party and to make labour more successful in winning
When did new labour Tony Blair achieve a landslide majority ?
1997
Why did new labour , Blair say thy labour needed to move to the centre ?
Embrace benifits of capitalism and free market
What did the new labour 1997 goverment introduce to be more central in views ?
Policies favourable to business and focused on improving educational opportunities rather than redistribution of wealth
What did the 1997 new labour goverment focus on ?
Strong focus on constitutional reform e.g creation of Supreme Court and introduced of devolution
Example of Supreme Court constitutional reform
2005 constitutional reform act lead to the establishment 4 years later of a Supreme Court as the highest court of appeal in the UK for civil cases e,g criminal cases
- previously senior judges law lords would be sitting in the House of Lords but separation of powers
After Starmer became labour leader in 2020 what did he focus on tackling
Anti- semitism within party
Why did keir Starmer focus on the anti semitism in the party ?
Significant factor of election defeat
Evidence of anti- semitism in labour ?
EHCR investigation found serious failure in leadership and inadequate handling of anti Semitism complains in October 2020 by labour
What did Starmer leadership campaign promise
- nationalisation e.g private companies become owned by goverment e.g railways now national railway services
- higher taxes for wealthy
- major investment in public services
BUT HAS MOVED AWAY FROM SOME OF THESE
Although Starmer was opposed to Brexit during referendum campaign what has he now stated ?
There is no going back and the party must embrace Brexit
What type of decision did Starmer make when stating that Brexit has been done and people should embrace it ?
Pragmatic decision
Why did Starmer make the pragmatic decisions of embracing Brexit ?
To help win back red wall voters
So far Starmer has no clear policy on what ?
Immigration
Why does Starmer have no policies on immigration
As cannot balance so difficult area for modern Labour Party as party members are cautious of alienating core voters but taking a hard line or too liberal approach
What else have Starmer Labour Party chosen not to support
Strikes but agree with the motivation behind it
What has Starmer promised ?
Constitutional reform and radical reform of the house of Lords
Why does the HOL need reform
Unrepresentative: white men from previlege backgrounds
Legitamacy
Public demand : opinion pole shows people are in favour
In February 2023 of Starmer speech what did he introduce?
Labours five missions in line with manifesto
Starmer 5 missions ?
- Economics
- Green energy
- Health
- Crime
- Childcare and education
What is Starmers view on the economy ?
‘To secure the highest growth in the G7’
(Seven richest nations in the world)
To secure the highest growth in the G7’
(Seven richest nations in the world) what is this about for the economy ?
Good jobs and productivity growth
What does Starmer say for green energy ?
‘’make Britain a clean-energy superpower”
‘’make Britain a clean-energy superpower” what does this lead to for green energy?
Decarbonising the electricity system and improving home energy efficiency
What does Decarbonising the electricity system and improving home energy efficiency create ?
Create Jobs , cut bills and boost energy security to prepare for net zero
What does Starmer say for health ?
‘Build an NHS fit for the future’
Who is Wes streeting? and how does he link to health and what does he connect to ?
Wes Streeting (shadow Secretary of State for health and social care ) strongly connected to New labour so labour likely to take an approach for reform and spending
Evidence of Wes Streeting and health ?
Wes Streeting has defended Labour’s plans to use the private sector to help cut the NHS care backlog, arguing that a failure to do so would result in a “betrayal” of working-class people who cannot afford to pay for care
What is Starmer saying on crime
“Make Britain’s street safe “
Why did Starmer make emphasises on crime ?
To win red wall seats
Example of negative campaign of crime and cabinet refusing to support it according to crime and labour ?
Party launched an advert accusing Rishi Sunak of failing to put peadophiles in prison
Saying by Starmer for education and childcare ?
‘Breakdown the barriers to opportunity at every stage ‘
What is old labour and new labour response to education
Strongly commited to education
The focus on the opportunity of education give view of what approach
New labour approach
In 1997 why was Tony Blair elected as prime minister ?
Due to landslide majority
How did Tony win in 1997 with a landslide majority ?
By refocusing party away from traditional view and accepting globalisation and strengthens of capitalism
how is the third way different in contrast to old labour ?
Supported the EU
Why had the third way supporting the Eu suspicious
which had been suspicious of the loss of national sovereignty and Europe’s pro- capitalist stance.
What did the new labour favour
- Limited welfare state
- helping those unable to work
- helping those who could work with training and employment
What did new labour advocate for the economy
- prudence in the economy
- private sector to enter public sector
Example of the private sector to enter public sector ?
By creating private finance intitiative
When Jeremy Corbyn won the labour leadership in 2015 what did do for the party ?
He returned the party to a more socialist programme which appealed to many voters especially the young
What was the reason traditional labour voters collapsed in 2019
Corbyn Lack of clarity for Brexit what he for or against ? “Time for real change “ - Xorbyn
“Get Brexit done” - Johnson
- failure to tackle anti semitism
- too left wing view for moderate labour voters
What did Starmers economic pledge set in place ?
Increase income tax for top 5% earners , stop tax avoidance and reverse coronation tax cuts
Why does labour want tax Rise ?
- Fund policies to bring down NHS waiting time
- tackling tax avoidance
Starmer pledge on social justice
Abolish universal credit to move people into work and long life earnings , Tution fees and focus on wellbeing
What pledge did Starmer drop ?
To reintroduce free movement within the EU
Who did Starmer sack to show his attempt to unite the party ?
Leadership rival Rebecca Long-Bailey and Jeremy Corbyn over anti - semitism
Why did Starmer drop his pledge to reinforced free movement within the EU ?
Impossible as it would rengoitiating deal made when the UK left the EU in 1 January 2021
Why did Starmer drop EU pledge ?
To appeal to red wall seats and to link to Starmer new focus on patriotism which Corbyn rejected and alienated red wall voters
How did Starmer appeal to social conservatives voters ?
- talked about “putting family first “
- Starmer early interview, union flag was hanging in background
What is Jeremy Corbyn attempt to do to appeal to all ?
Socially democrats , centre ground , unite Labour Party
- trying to keep anti Brexit , keep urban voters of Jeremy Corbyn and win back red wall seats
