Core Values And Ideas Of Labour Party

Question 1

What are the two divides in labour

Answer 1

• old Labour Party ran until 1990s
• new labour ran from early 1990s until the present

Question 2

What is Old labour

Answer 2

• embodying nationalisation
• redistribution of wealth from rich to poor
• continually improving welfare state and state services
• reject free market

Question 3

Why is old labour against free market ?

Answer 3

wages and benefits are determined by supply and demand, rather than government intervention. This means that employers can offer wages and benefits that reflect the value of the work being done, rather than basing off regulations for equality. Labour say this can lead to exploration

Question 4

What is new labour/third way ?

Answer 4

Influenced by Anthony Giddens, third way saw labour shift in emphasis from a heavy focus on working class to a wider base and less alliance with trade union

Question 5

Why did critics say that old labour behind socialist party is an illusion ?

Answer 5

Does not propose workers state and never attempts to abolish capitalism

Question 6

What is old labour best to be understood as ?

Answer 6

Democratic socialist party

Question 7

What is an first essential value of old labour ?

Answer 7

Equality

Question 8

With old labour essential value being equality what did labour support to reduce inequality

Answer 8

Labour supported the redistribution of income to reduce the worse inequalities

Question 9

According to the old labour values , what is a better creation of equality ?

Answer 9

Social justice

Question 10

According to old labour values , what form of equality has labour always supported ?

Answer 10

Formal equality which is equal treatment under the law e.g labour plan for extension of equal pay protection

Question 11

Old labour values

What type of equality did old labour champion ?

Answer 11

Equality of opportunity - the idea that all should have equal life chances no matter family background

Question 12

What was the general idea shared by socialist old labour as their values

Answer 12

Collectivism - that our goals are best achieved collectively rather than individually e.g welfare state , trade union and common ownership run by state of behalf of the people and nationalisation of key industries

Question 13

Old labour value

Old labour believes that what plays a key role in controlling economic activity and securing social goal

Answer 13

Central state

Question 14

What is called when old labour believe that the central state plays a key role in controlling the economic activity and in securing social goals

Answer 14

Statism - responsible placed in hands of central state to ensure equality of treatment for all

Question 15

Old labour policies and actions ?

Answer 15

• welfare state including NHS created in 1940s
• nationalisation and state control
• taxes on those with higher income to pay for welfare and income for poor
• equal pay for women introduced and discrimination against women and ethnic minorities outlawed 1960/70s

Question 16

How long was Tony Blair in control of new labour

Answer 16

1994 to 2010

Question 17

Who was the creator of the third way/new labour ?

Answer 17

Anthony Giddens

Question 18

New labour values

What did new labour oppose ?

Answer 18

‘Hard-left’ in labour and sought to find a middle way (third way) between socialism and the free market, Neo liberal ideas of the conservatives party under Margret Thather

Question 19

New labour values

Why did new labour thinkers reject socialist ideas of class conflict ?

Answer 19

Members of society have an equal right to assistance from the state

Question 20

New labour values

What did new labour say accept was the best way of creating wealth so that market should remain largely free of state control ?

Answer 20

Capitalism

Question 21

New labour values ,

Capitalism could operate against the interests of consumers so it should be what instead of controlled

Answer 21

Should be regulated

Question 22

New labour values

The state should be what ?

Answer 22

Enabling state

Question 23

New labour values

How the state be an enabling state ?

Answer 23

Allowing the economy to create wealth and giving it support when needed but state should not provide it

Question 24

New labour values

What did new labour de- emphasise?

Answer 24

Collectivism and preferred individualism of human nature and achieving goals individually

Question 25

New labour value

What equality did new labour stress and give an example ?

Answer 25

Equality of opportunity e.g education and welfare create opportunities to better themselves

Question 26

New labour values

What was the new labour commited to ? And why ?

Answer 26

Political and constitutional reform , because UK was deeply undemocratic and rights inadequately protected

Question 27

What three things did the new labour party reject as actions/policies

Answer 27

• refused trade union to have power back
• to bring privatised industries back under state control was restricted
• resisted temptation to restore high taxes on the wealthy and successful businesses to pay higher welfare

Question 28

What 5 things did new labour political policies include

Answer 28

• Tony Blair speech “ask me my three main priorities in goverment : education, education, education” he wanted to invest and make education so good that divide of private and state school was no more
• no bosses vs workers all on the same side
• Huge increase expenditures on the NHS
• welfare to work system for employment
• constitutional reform: human right act, revolution

Question 29

Factions within the Labour Party

What was the left of the Labour Party also known as

Answer 29

Democratic socialist /momentum

Question 30

Labour Party and faction

What was the left democratic socialism policies

Answer 30

• Favour of high taxes and state playing role in the economy
• Jeremy Crobyn and momentum

Question 31

What is the centre view of the Labour Party

Answer 31

• Keir starmer between far left and blairites so centralist
• legacy of Anthony Crosland idea is social justice: fair resources, privilege and opportunity and mixed economy : system of both socialism and capitalism

Question 32

What is a mixed economy

Answer 32

some resources and businesses are privately owned while others are owned by the government, and both free markets and government

Question 33

What is the right wing view of labour

Answer 33

• Blairites (legacy of new labour)
• more favour of free market solutions
• blue labour : socially conservatives , anti large scale immigration
  Focused on working class issues and employment