Established Political Parties Flashcards
What is a left wing
Those who desire change, reform and alternation in the way society operates e.g critiquing capitalism by modern liberals and socialist parties e.g labour 2019 manifesto “time for real change “
What is a right wing
Support for status quo, no change , stress need for order, stability and hierarchy
Usually related to the conservatives
What is the left view on economics and trade ?
- state economic planning
- nationalisation of major industries
- state regulation of large industries that exploit workers
- relaxed view on government borrowing and state investment in infrastructure
Centre left view on economic and trade ?
Elements from Centre and left
Centre view on economics and trade ?
- largely free market economy with state regulations
- pragmatic approach to goverment borrowing to stimulate economic growth
Reasons goverment borrow money
- as higher taxes which means people
Spend less and business makes less profit which is bad for jobs and wages - to boost the economy so borrow to pay for big projects e.g roads and railways to help the economy
Due to less profit what does this mean for companies
Companies pay less taxes
Centre right view of economic and trade ?
Elements from centre and right
What is right view of economic and trades
Support a totally free market with no state intervention in the economy
What is a free market ?
free market economy is one without government intervention or regulation. In a purely free market, buyers and sellers arrive at prices based only on supply and demand.
What is the left view on income and employment
- redistribution of income to create more economic equality
- strong trade unions
- protected right of workers
Centre left view of income and employment
Elements of both centre and right
What is the centre view of income and employment?
- Pro EU - soft Brexit
- mild redistribution of income with poverty relief
what is soft Brexit ?
- Close relationship with the EU
- Staying inside the EU single market
- to reduce economic impact of leaving the EU
What is the centre right view on income and employment?
Elements from both centre and right
right view on income and employment
- Low taxation
- avoidance of excessive goverment borrowing to simulate growth
- anti EU
- weak protection of workers
Right view on Brexit and EU
Hard Brexit and anti- EU
Left view on social issues
- strong support of the welfare state
- equal right and protection of minority groups
- positive attitude on same sex marriages
- liberal attitudes to crime and remedies
What is the centre view on social issue
- welfare state fluxes on the most needy
- multiculturalism : Moses attitudes to crime so liberal attitude to minor crimes but conservatives attitude to serious crimes
- state should promote individualism
What is right view on social issues and welfare state ?
- limited welfare state and cap on amount of benefits for families and tougher criteria on claiming benefit
Right view on social issues and immigration?
Anti immigration so support strict controls
Right view on social issues ans multiculturalism
Opposed multiculturalism and stresses patriotism and national interest and traditional view on moral issues
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What has the Conservatives party stood for traditionally for protection of ? And rather than what ?
Protection of private property rather than the redistribution of wealth by the state
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What did the traditional conservatives consider as natural, organic order and guarantee stability ?
- family values
- preserving institutions such as the monarchy
- preserving the House of Lords
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What is the traditional conservative uncomfortable with ?
constitutional change such as devolution , lords reform or human right act
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What does traditional conservatives not believe in ?
Equality of outcome
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What two traditions of conservative grow ?
One-nation conservatism and new right conservatism or Thatcherism
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What did traditional conservativism develop into ?
One nation conservativism
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What is one nation conservativism ?
Paternalistic approach adopted by conservatives under leadership of Benjamin Disraeli and continued by David Cameron and Theresa May they the right people have an obligation to help the poorer people
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
Who developed and continued one nation conservativism
Originated by Benjamin Disraeli and then continued by David Cameron and Theresa May
Origins and development of the Conservative Party
What is new right ?
New/neo conservatism who want to take the state to a more authoritarian approach to morality and law and order and the Neo liberals who endorse the free market approach and stepping back on state in people lives and businesses
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
How did traditional conservatism emerge ?
As a reaction against the newly liberal ideas
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
Traditional conservatism emerged due to liberal ideas inspired by what ?
Revolutions in North America and France
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
Why did conservatives consistently oppose the rise of any ideologies ?
Conservatives thinker Edmund Burke, became alarmed by ideas such as freedom of the individual, tolerance of different religious and political beliefs and laissez-faire attitude to economic activity
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
Due to Conservatives thinker Edmund Burke, became alarmed by ideas such as freedom of the individual, tolerance of different religious and political beliefs and laissez-faire attitude to economic activity , what did conservatives think ?
Free society with little goverment control would lead to major social disorder and rise of socialism was opposed
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What allowed the conservatives to have working class support ?
One nation conservativism approach that stressed social cohesion to all
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What is the one nation conservativism principles ?
- Theory of noblesse oblige
- organic society : rich and poor bound to each other
- preservation of tradition
- strong law and order to control society
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What is noblesse oblige ?
Those in higher social class have a duty or obligation to help those of lower class who have found themselves in difficult times
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What did Margret thatcher premiership of party ideas link to ?
Neo liberalism/new right
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What was Neo liberal principles
- market/capitalism should not be regulated by the state
- welfare benefit produce a dependency culture so reduce
- higher income and tax to create wealth
Traditional conservatism leading to one nation
What does Neo liberalism think for the economy and industries
State should not try to control economic activity even during recessions and should be privatising industries and selling it off rather than taken over by the state e.g transport e.g British airways , Rolls Royce
What is the key principles of Neo conservatism
- advancement of tradition moral values for a stable society
- national pride for stable society
- single national culture for society
From 1991 conservative was a centre right position , what position did it move to in 2015 ?
One nation to the left of Thatcherism through David Cameron in 2015 after general election
With David Cameron one nation conservativism left of Thatcherism , what did the opposition see this as
- austerity
- cuts in goverment spending Which affect more vulnerable member in society
Due to the pressure of the right wing, Cameron’s own party and UKIP what did this lead to ?
Cameron was forced to make an electoral promise to hold a referendum on UK’s membership in the EU
What type of conservatives did Boris Johnson present himself in 2019
- One nation conservative
- preferring soft Brexit
- levelling up inequalities between poor and wealthy
- commitment of reducing carbon emissions
