laboratory haematology Flashcards
haem =
blood
cells of blood production location
bone marrow
what is blood
specialised fluid
cells suspended in liquid
liquid blood
plasma
why = many different blood cell types
transport O2 (via haem) responses to infection/inflammation (white cells) primary haemoptasis (platlets)
red cells + haem facts
mature RC = no nucles but Hb
what is Hb
iron containing protein with haem group
with regards to blood what does a lack of iron lead to
reduction in Hb
discuss developing red cells in the bone marrow
have a nucleus
need vitamin B12 + folic acid for nuclear maturation, division + survival
lower Hb suggests
anemia
mcv
starting point determining anaemia cause
3 red cell size categories
microcytic
macrocytic
normocytic
microcytic cause
iron definciency
macrocytic
vit B12/ folate deficiency
alcohol excess, liver disease, hypothyroidism
normocytic
acute blood loss
anaemia of chronic disease
anaemic chronic disease common due changes in ==
iron supply to developing red cells
proliferation of erythroid cells
production of erythropoietin
life span of red cells
thrombocytosis
high platlets
cuases thrombocytosis
acute/ chronic blood loss
inflammation
malignacies
low platlets
thrombocytopenia
thrombocytipenia causes
alcohol excess. liver disease
consumption (autoimmune/ fibrin clot)
trapping (enlarged spleen)
pneumonia count abnormalities
anaemia
leukocytosis
coagulation screens
time takrn from fibrin clot along diff coagulation pathways in vitro
coagulation times
prothombin time
activated partial thromboplastin time
long coagulation time
multiple coagulation factors
- liver disease
- disseminated intravascular coagulation
d dimers
fibrin degradation product
increased fibrinolysis
thrombosis
inflammation
malignancy
heart failure
d-dimers + clinical features
thromboembolism
plasma visocsity
changes in plasma proteins
increased = systemic inflammation
