laboratory haematology

Question 1

haem =

Answer 1

blood

Question 2

cells of blood production location

Answer 2

bone marrow

Question 3

what is blood

Answer 3

specialised fluid

cells suspended in liquid

Question 4

liquid blood

Answer 4

plasma

Question 5

why = many different blood cell types

Answer 5

transport O2 (via haem)
responses to infection/inflammation (white cells)
primary haemoptasis (platlets)

Question 6

red cells + haem facts

Answer 6

mature RC = no nucles but Hb

Question 7

what is Hb

Answer 7

iron containing protein with haem group

Question 8

with regards to blood what does a lack of iron lead to

Answer 8

reduction in Hb

Question 9

discuss developing red cells in the bone marrow

Answer 9

have a nucleus

need vitamin B12 + folic acid for nuclear maturation, division + survival

Question 10

lower Hb suggests

Answer 10

anemia

Question 11

mcv

Answer 11

starting point determining anaemia cause

Question 12

3 red cell size categories

Answer 12

microcytic
macrocytic
normocytic

Question 13

microcytic cause

Answer 13

iron definciency

Question 14

macrocytic

Answer 14

vit B12/ folate deficiency

alcohol excess, liver disease, hypothyroidism

Question 15

normocytic

Answer 15

acute blood loss

anaemia of chronic disease

Question 16

anaemic chronic disease common due changes in ==

Answer 16

iron supply to developing red cells
proliferation of erythroid cells
production of erythropoietin
life span of red cells

Question 17

thrombocytosis

Answer 17

high platlets

Question 18

cuases thrombocytosis

Answer 18

acute/ chronic blood loss
inflammation
malignacies

Question 19

low platlets

Answer 19

thrombocytopenia

Question 20

thrombocytipenia causes

Answer 20

alcohol excess. liver disease
consumption (autoimmune/ fibrin clot)
trapping (enlarged spleen)

Question 21

pneumonia count abnormalities

Answer 21

anaemia

leukocytosis

Question 22

coagulation screens

Answer 22

time takrn from fibrin clot along diff coagulation pathways in vitro

Question 23

coagulation times

Answer 23

prothombin time

activated partial thromboplastin time

Question 24

long coagulation time

Answer 24

multiple coagulation factors

• liver disease
• disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 25

d dimers

Answer 25

fibrin degradation product

Question 26

increased fibrinolysis

Answer 26

thrombosis
inflammation
malignancy
heart failure

Question 27

d-dimers + clinical features

Answer 27

thromboembolism

Question 28

plasma visocsity

Answer 28

changes in plasma proteins

increased = systemic inflammation