laboratory data interpretation powerpoint Flashcards
Laboratory tests assist in
____________ and staging of disease
Monitoring
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Monitoring of disease state(s)
Screening for _______ factors
diagnosis
risk
Many ways laboratory results can be measured
Blood samples
Urine samples
Point-of-care testing
Home testing kits, etc.
Qualitative Laboratory Results
___________ rather than numerical
Positive or negative
Example: Pregnancy tests, gram stains,
COVID tests, etc.
Categorical
We interpret a true positive and true
negative using _________and ____________
sensitivity and specificity
The ability of a laboratory test to
correctly detect patients with the
disease
Sensitivity
The ability of a laboratory test to
correctly detect patients without the
disease
Specificity
Quantitative Laboratory Results
__________ rather than categorical
Use reference ranges as a guide
Range of values that determine what is
considered “normal”
Example: 135 – 145 mEq/L
145 mEq/L is considered the upper limit
of normal (ULN)
135 mEq/L is considered the lower limit
of normal (LLN)
Numerical
What Is Considered “Normal”?
It varies!
Reference ranges from one
___________ will differ from another
institution
Other varying factors include
__________
Gender
Height and _________
Medications, etc.
Age
weight
Laboratory Errors
Consider an error has occurred when Values are extremely high or low
Results don’t make sense or meet expectations
Causes of lab errors
_________
Technical error
_________ error
Drug and/or food interference
timing
Sampling
Stick Diagrams
Also known as “fishbones”
Seen more when med charts were recorded on paper
BMP (_______________)
Basic Metabolic Panel
_________ (Na)
Sodium
__________ (Cl)
Chloride
