labor monitoring Flashcards
labor monitoring includes
internal examination
electronic fetal monitoring
what to include in internal examination
cervical dilation
cervical effacement
station
membrane
ave diameter of cervical opening
measured in cm
admits tip - 10cm (fully dilated)
cervical dilation
degree of decrease in cervical length
measured in %
cervical effacement
level of presenting part in relation to ischial spines (station 0)
station
how to measure station
minus (-), zero, plus (+)
part of internal examination which determines the
bag of water
unruptured / intact
ruptured
membrane
process of puncturing the amniotic sac
amniotomy
phases of uterine contractions
increment
acme
decrement
“building up” or increasing contraction; longest phase
increment
peak of a contraction
acme
period of “letting up” or decreasing contraction
decrement
characteristics of uterine contractions
duration
frequency
interval
from beginning of one contraction to end of the same contraction
duration
from beginning of one contraction to beginning of the next contraction
frequency
resting time between contractions to allow placental perfusion
interval
used to detect uterine contractions
cardiotocograph (CTG)
how to read CTG?
DR - define risk
C - contractions
BRa - baseline rate
V - variability
A - accelerations
D - decelerations
O - overall impression
record number of contractions present in a minute period
10/20
average heart rate of the fetus within a 10/20-minute window
baseline fetal heart rate
normal FHB
110-160 bpm
fetal tachycardia baseline heart rate
> 160 bpm
fetal bradychardia baseline heart rate
<110 bpm
beat to beat fluctuations from baseline heart rate
result of interaction between nervous system, chemoreceptors, baroreceptors and cardiac responsiveness of fetus
indicates how healthy a fetus is at a particular time
variability