LABELLING Flashcards
define self-fulfilling prophecy
when someone fullfills what they were labelled as they internalise the label and act accordingly
what year did rosenthal and jacobson research self fulfilling prophecy
1968
explain rosenthal and jacobsons experiment on self fulfilling prophecy
field experiment suggesting to teachers that some student were gifted, these students were treated differently and achieved better as a result
when did ray rist research labelling
1970
explain ray rists experiment into labelling
study of american kindergarden found children labelled as ‘tigers’ more likely to be MC wheras ‘clowns’ more likely to be WC
when did becker research labelling theory
1971
explain beckers research into labelling theory
interviewed 60 high school teachers. found that teachers have an idea of an ideal pupil. MC students more likely to conform to the idea wheras WC less likely
explain dunne and gazeley (2008) research
schools see underacheivement of WC children as normal often entering WC into easier exams and giving them easier work to complete
which social groups are labelled positvely
middle class, girls, chinese/indian
which social groups are labelled negatively
boys, afro-caribbean, asian, working class
what are two ways that in school factors can impact on the achievement of different social groups
labelling- positive labels being attached to MC and indian/chinese students-leads to self fulfilling prophecy
peer group pressure - WC boys ridiculed by peers for achieving as it is seen as feminine
three ways schools can influence gender identities
labelling based on gender
gender domains - science for boys
male gaze
how does teacher labelling lead to middle class achievement
students given ‘halo’ label and internalises it
label reinforced everytime student achieves
student believes + self fulfilling prophecy is formed
how does teacher labelling lead to anti school subcultures
WC students labelled negatively
label reinforced everytime student misbehaves
student is rejected by education and looks for status elsewhere
how does teacher labelling lead to setting and streaming
student underperforms once on a test and is labelled
teacher spends more time with ideal students
student falls behind due to not getting required help
how does teacher labelling lead to ethnic minority underacheivement
assumptions based on cultural stereotype
students ignored in discussions
student feels alienated
what is a marxist opinion on labelling
they would agree that WC are more likely to be labelled negatively
what would be a feminist opinion of labelling
may disagree with it and suggest that girls are not viewed positively in education but are labelled as feminine
