Lab Values

Question 1

What is the significance of CK-MB? When does it begin to show up, when does it peak, and when does it begin to decline?

Answer 1

Creatine phosphokinase-MB is a specific test for myocardial infarction

CK-MB appears in the blood 4 hours after infarction, peaks at 12-24 hours and begins to decline over 48-72 hours later

Question 2

What are the two specific markers for myocardial infarction?

Answer 2

CK-MB and cardiac troponin-1

Question 3

How long does cardiac troponin-1 stay elevated?

Answer 3

5-7 days

Question 4

What does a complete lipid profile test include measures of?

Answer 4

total cholesterol
HDL cholesterol
LDL cholesterol
triglycerides

Question 5

What is included in a complete blood count?

Answer 5

RBC count
Total WBC count
WBC differential
platelets
hemoglobin
hematocrit

Question 6

What is hematocrit?

Answer 6

a percentage of RBC in total blood volume

Question 7

What would a low hematocrit indicate?

Answer 7

anemia, blood loss, or a vitamin/mineral deficiency

Question 8

What would a high hematocrit indicate?

Answer 8

dehydration or polycythemia (a condition that causes an overproduction of RBC)

Question 9

What test measures how quickly the blood clots?

Answer 9

partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin tests

Question 10

In conventional units, what is the norm range of erythrocytes in adult males and adult females?

Answer 10

Adult Males: 4.3-5.6 x 10^6/ml

Adult Females: 4-5.2 x 10^6/ml

Question 11

In conventional units, what is the norm range of leukocytes in adults?

Answer 11

3.54-9.06 x 10^3/mm^3

Question 12

In conventional units, what is the norm range of neutrophils in adults?

Lymphocytes?
monocytes?
Eosiniphils?
Basophils?

Answer 12

Neutrophils: .4-.7
Lymphocytes: .2-.5
Monocytes: .04-.08
Eosinophils: .00-.06
Basophils: .00-.02

Question 13

In conventional units, what is the norm range of the platelet count in adults?

Answer 13

165-415 x 10^3/mm^3

Question 14

What is the normal partial thromboplastin time in adults?

Answer 14

26.3-39.4 sec

Question 15

In conventional units, what is the norm range of hematocrit in adult males and adult females?

Answer 15

Males: .388-.464
Females: .354-.444

Question 16

In conventional units, what is the norm range of hemoglobin in adult males and adult females?

Answer 16

Males: 13.3-16.2 gm/dl

Females: 12.0-15.8 gm/dl

Question 17

What is the desirable level of total serum cholesterol in adults? What is considered a high total cholesterol?

Answer 17

Less than 200 mg/dl

Higher than 240 mg/dl is high

Question 18

What is the optimal level of LDL cholesterol in adults?

What is the high and very high level of LDL cholesterol?

Answer 18

Optimal: less than 100
Near optimal: 100-129
High: 160-189
Very high: over 190

Question 19

What is the low level of HDL cholesterol? What is the high level?

Answer 19

Low: 40
High: 60

Question 20

What is the desirable level of triglycerides in adults?

What level is high?
What level is very high?

Answer 20

Desirable: less than 150

High: 200-499
Very high: 500+

Question 21

What lab values would be considered precautions for exercise?

Answer 21

hematocrit of <27%
hemoglobin of 8 g/dL or less
platelet count of <50,000 mm3
white cell count of <500 mm3

Question 22

What is the international normalized ratio? What is the norm range of the INR?

Answer 22

a calculation made to standardize prothrombin time.

Norm: less than 1.1

2-3 is a therapeutic range for those on medications to prevent blood clots or afib