Lab values Flashcards
Prothrombin time (PT) normal values
11-14 seconds
what do the prothrombin/PTT measurements mean
if the blood takes longer than 14 seconds to clot, then the blood is thin. If blood takes shorter than 11 seconds to clot, then it is considered thick
clotting/coagulation factors PT measures
I, II, V, VII, X
Partial thromboplastin time normal values
25 to 35 seconds
Clotting/coagulation factors that PTT measures
XII, XI, IX, VIII, X, V, II, I (fibrinogen)
INR normal values
.8-1.2
What is INR
the ratio of the patient’s clotting ability against the normal clotting ability. INR= PT patient/PT normal
Platelet count normal values
150,000-450,000/ul of blood
Fibrinogen normal values
150-400 mg/dl
Normal Co2 level
35-45 mmHg
goal for co2 level
keep it above 10 mmHg
What is BUN used for?
To determine how well your kidneys are working.
It does this by measuring the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. Urea nitrogen is a waste product that’s created in the liver when the body breaks down proteins. Normally, the kidneys filter out this waste, and urinating removes it from the body.
Bun normal range
5-20 mg/dl
Reticulocyte normal values
.5-2.5%
What is reticulocyte a test of
immature red blood cells
What does a low retic count tell you
iron deficiency anemia
What does an elevated retic count tell you
hemolytic anemia, acute blood loss
What does a low retic count tell you
anemia w infection, renal disease
normal neutrophil count
1.5-8.5 the risk of infection goes up the lower the neutrophil count is
Normal wbc
4,500-11,000
What do neutrophils tests for
acute bacterial infection, inflammation, tissue death
pH normal level
7.35-7.45
Normal RBC values for men and women
- 7-6.1 in males
4. 2-5.4 in females
What is anion gap?
The difference between cations and anions in the blood
What is the anion gap equation
(Na + K) - (Cl + HC03)
What does a high anion gap mean
a larger proportion of our negative charge is not accounted for by the equation, meaning in a case of metabolic acidosis, the cause may be due to lactic acid build up (shock), ketoacidosis (diabetic), or methanol consumption.
What does a normal anion gap acidosis mean
Normal anion gap acidosis: bicarb is decreased but body is compensating with Cl (kidneys inc CL reabsorption)
What can cause normal anion gap
bicarp loss (diarrhea)
Platelet normal value
> 100,000
What does a chem 10 measure
Na, K, mg, Cl, bicarb, BUN, creatinine, glucose, calcium, phosphorus
Potassium normal values
3.5-5.5meq
