Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

BUN

A

7-20 mg/dL

Elevated levels:
Kidney Failure
GI bleeding
Dehydration 
Shock
Severe burns
High protein diet

Why: elevated BUN signals kidney/liver issues (ammonia not properly becoming urea)

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2
Q

CO2

A

20-29 mmol/L

Elevated:
Breathing disorder
Cushing syndrome

Low:
Addison disease
Ketoacidosis 
Lactic acidosis
Metabolic acidosis 

Why: kidney, lung, bicarbonate levels, losing/retaining fluid

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3
Q

Creatinine

A

0.8-1.2 mg/dL

Elevated levels:
Dehydration
Kidney damage

Why:
Chemical waste product of muscle metabolism (if kidneys can’t filter, levels will be high)

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4
Q

Glucose

A

64-100 mg/dL

Elevated:
Stress (trauma)
Pre diabetes (140-200)
Diabetes (200+)

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5
Q

Chloride

A

101-111 mmol/dL

Elevated:
Diarrhea
Metabolic acidosis

Lower:
Dehydration
Barrter Sydrome
Burns
Metabolic alkalosis

Why: elecotrolyte, balances body fluid and body acid/base)

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6
Q

Potassium

A

3.7-5.2 mmol/L

Elevated:
Addison disease
Kidney failure
Too much K+ in diet

Low:
Cushing syndrome
Diuretics
Hyperaldosteronism

Why:
Helps nerves and muscles communicate
Helps moves nutrients into cells and waste out of cells

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7
Q

Sodium

A

136-144 mmol/L

Elevated:
Fluid loss, dehydration
Adrenal problems
Diabetes insipidus (kidneys can't conserve water)
Too much Na+ in diet

Low:
Increase in total body water (heart failure, kidney disease, cirrhosis of liver)

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8
Q

Phosphate (PO4)

A

3.0 - 4.5 mg/dL

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9
Q

Hemoglobin/Hematocrit

A

Normal RBC, ratio is 3:1

Based on all of blood volume SO, dehydration = higher ratio ;
Fluid overload = lower ratio

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10
Q

Prealbumin

A

15 - 36 mg/dL

Elevated indicates CLD

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11
Q

Cholesterol

A

Less than 200 = good

200-239 = borderline high

Higher than 240 = high

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12
Q

LDL Cholesterol

A

Under 130 = good

130-159 = borderline high

160-189 = high

Above 190 = very bad

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13
Q

HDL Cholesterol

A

Below 40 = bad

40-59 = ok

Above 60 = good

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14
Q

Triglycerides

A

Below 150 = good

150-199 = borderline high

200 - 499 = high

Above 500 = very high

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15
Q

ESRD

A

BUN: 80-100
Creatinine: 10
GFR: less than 15

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16
Q

GFR

A

Good= 90 or higher