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NCLEX > Lab Values > Flashcards

Lab Values Flashcards

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1
Q

Potassium normal values

A

3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L

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2
Q

Sodium Normal Values

A

135-145 mEq/L

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3
Q

Ionized/Total serum calcium normal values

A

Ionized: 4.5-5.1 mEq/L Total: 8.5 - 10.5 mEq/L

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4
Q

Magnesium normal values

A

1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L

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5
Q

RBC

A

Male: 4.6-6.2; famale: 4.2-5.4; child: 3.2-5.2 million/mm^3

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6
Q

WBC

A

adult: 5000-10000; child 5000-13000/mm^3

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7
Q

Hgb

A

Male 13-18 g/dL; female 12-16; child 11-12.5

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8
Q

Hematocrit

A

male 42 -52%, female 35-47%; child 35-45%

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9
Q

Bleeding time

A

1.5-9.5 minutes

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10
Q

what is hematocrit

A

percentage of red blood cells per fluid volume of blood

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11
Q

partial thromboplastin time (PPT)

A

Lower limit 20-25 sec; upper limit 32-39

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12
Q

what is partial thromboplastin time (PPT)

A

monitors effectiveness of heparin therapy. detects coagulation disorders

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13
Q

platelet count (thrombocyte)

A

150,000 - 450,000/mm^3

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14
Q

prothrombin time (PT)

A

9.5-12.0 sec

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15
Q

what is prothrombin time (PT)

A

monitors effectiveness of coumadin therapy. detects coagulation disorders

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16
Q

INR (international normalized ratio)

A

1.0 - normal
2-3 for therapy in afib, DVT, and pulm emboliism
2.5-3.5 for therapy in prosthetic heart valves

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17
Q

Sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

man: < 15mm/hr
woman > 50: < 25 mm/hr
woman < 50: <30 mm/hr

18
Q

Glucose tolerance test

A

fasting 60-110 mg/dL
1 hr 190
2 hr 140
3 hr 125

19
Q

Total cholesterol

A

160 mg/dL if no CAD and < 2 risk factors

<100 if CAD present

20
Q

LDL

A

optimal 139
Borderline 140-160
High >160

21
Q

HDL

A

men 35-70

women 35-85

22
Q

fasting for cholesterol test

A

overnight fast (12-14 hours)

23
Q

Creatinine (CR)

A 
NPO for 8 hours
tests renal function
adult 0.7-1.4 mg/dL
child 0.4-1.2
infant 0.3-0.6
24
Q

Alkaline phosphate

A

liver and bone function
NPO 8-12 hours
adult 50-150 units/L

25
Q

Creatine kinase (CK)

A

diagnose acute MI
Man 50-235 U/L
woman 50-250
child 0-70

26
Q

serum albumin

A

protein malnutrition

3.5-5.5 g/dL

27
Q

BUN

A

renal function
7-18 mg/dL
over 60 years 8-20

28
Q

triglycerides

A

100-200 mg/dL

29
Q

ALT

A

liver enzyme

8-40 units

30
Q

AST

A

liver enzyme

8-40 units

31
Q

Allen test

A

checks collateral circulation in forearm
Occlude radial and ulnar arteries
release ulnar - color should return in 7 sec

32
Q

ABG pH

A

7.35-7.45

33
Q

PaO2

A

80-100 mmHg

34
Q

SaO2

A

95-98%

35
Q

PaCO2

A

35-45mmHg
Respiratory acidosis >45mmHg
Respiratory alkalosis <35mmHg

36
Q

HCO3

A

22-26 mEq/L

Metabolic acidosis 26 mEq/L

37
Q

urine specific gravity

A

1.010-1.030

38
Q

creatinine clearance

A

24 hour urine collection

normal 1.67-2.5 mL/s

39
Q

Chloride normal value

A

95-105

40
Q

phosphorus normal value

A

2.5-4.5 mg/dL

41
Q

ABG analysis

A

6 Steps to ABG Analysis
Step 1: Look at PH - Is it normal acidotic or alkylotic
Step 2: Look at CO2 - Is it normal, acidotic or alkylotic
Step 3: Look at the HCO3 (Bicarb): Is it normal, acidotic or alkylotic
Step 4: Match the PH with either CO2 or Bicarb (HCO3)
What matches PH is the primary imbalance
Step 5: Look for value that goes opposite direction of the PH
If PH is acidotic - look for the thing that is Alkylotic that is compensation
If PH is alkylotic -
Step 6: Look at P02 and O2 Sat
1. PH: 7.35-7.45 High is Alkalosis/Low is acidosis
2. CO2: 35-45 Low is Alkalosis / High is acidosis
3. HCO3: 22-26 High is alkalotic / low is acidotic.
4. PO2: 80-100
5. O2Sat: 95%-100%
What could cause metabolic alkylosis: Loosing Acid from body - vomiting - metabolic alkylosis
What could cause metabolic acidosis: Losing Base from the body - diarrhea - metabolic acidosis other things that could cause acidosis: DKA, Shock,

NCLEX (8 decks)

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