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Nsg 101 > Lab Values > Flashcards

Lab Values Flashcards

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1
Q

L

A

Liter

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2
Q

DL

A

Deciliter

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3
Q

Mg

A

Milligram

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4
Q

MMOL

A

Millimole

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5
Q

mEq

A

Milliequivalents

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6
Q

Complete blood count (CBC)

A

Hold information about the hematologic system and many other organs

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7
Q

Red blood cell (RBC) normal values

A

Males: 4.7 - 6.1
Females: 4.2 - 5.4

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8
Q

White blood cell count (leukocyte, count, white count) values

A

Normal value: 5000-10,000
Critical values : less than 2000 or greater than 30000

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9
Q

White blood cells decreased levels

A

Due to radiation; toxic and tradition of heavy metals, or chemical poisons; antineoplastic drugs

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10
Q

Hemoglobin(Hgb) values

A

Normal values:
Males: 14 - 18
Females: 12-16
Critical values: less than 7g/dL or greater than 21g/dl

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11
Q

What does hemoglobin do?

A

Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the bodies, tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs

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12
Q

Hematocrit (Hct) values

A

Normal values:
Males 42-52%
Females 37 -47%
Critical values:
Less than 21% or greater than 65%

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13
Q

What does increased HCT do

A

Increased HCT can be caused by severe dehydration or COPD

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14
Q

Decreased HCT

A

Can mean, recent, bleeding or hemorrhage

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15
Q

Platelet count values

A

Adult reference value: 150,000-450,000
Critical values:
Less than 20,000 or greater than 1 million

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16
Q

Platelets (thrombocytes)

A

Are essential for coagulation of blood and maintaining homeostasis

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17
Q

Basis, metabolic panel (BMP) includes:

A

The panel includes sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, glucose, BUN, creatinine, calcium

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18
Q

Sodium (Na+) values

A

Normal values: 136-145
Critical values: less than 120 or greater than 160mEq/L

It is most abundant in plasma

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19
Q

Potassium(K+) values

A

Normal value:
3.5-5.0 meEq/L
Critical values:
Less than 3 or greater than 8 mEq/L

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20
Q

Potassium(k+) function

A

•helps nerves to function& muscles to contract
•It is most noted in cardiac function

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21
Q

Calcium (Ca+) values

A

Normal value:
9.0 - 10.5
Critical value:
Less than 6 or greater than 13 mg/dL

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22
Q

chloride(Cl-) values

A

Normal levels:
98 -106 mEq/L
Critical levels:
Less than 80 or greater than 115 mEq/L

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23
Q

Carbon dioxide (co2) values

A

Normal level:
23 -29
Critical values:
Less than 10 mEq/L or greater than 40 mEq/L

24
Q

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values

A

Normal values:
10 -20 MG/DL
Critical value:
Greater than 100 MG/dL (indicates serious impairment of renal function)

25
Q

Creatinine values

A

Normal values:
0.5–1.1
Critical values:
Greater than 4 mg/dL

26
Q

Glucose values

A

Normal values:
Adults: 74–106
Critical values:
Adult males: less than 50 and greater than 450 Mg/dL
adult female: less than 40 and greater than 450 mg/dL

27
Q

Prothrombin time (PT) values

A

Normal value:
11–12.5 seconds
Coumadin (warfarin) therapy:
2–3 times normal
Possible critical values:
PT greater than 60 seconds without Coumadin therapy

28
Q

Prothrombin time(PT)

A

Is the most used test for controlling anticoagulant therapy with Coumadin.

29
Q

International normalized ratio(INR)

A

Normal range:
0.8–1.1
Critical value:
INR greater than 5

The INR range does not very between labs

30
Q

PTT

A

Is the most commonly used test for controlling anticoagulant therapy with heparin.
•Normal range:
PTT 60–70 seconds
•Patient receiving anticoagulant therapy (1.5–2.5) times control value in seconds

31
Q

Glycosylated hemoglobin ASSAY (hemoglobin A1c) values

A

Normal values:
4–5.9%
Good control less than 7%; fair 8–9; poor greater than 9

32
Q

Glycosylated hemoglobin ASSAY (hemoglobin A1c)

A

The glycosylated hemoglobin test shows what a persons average blood glucose level was for the 2 to 3 months before the test. This can help determine how will a persons diabetes is being controlled overtime.

33
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Sed Rate)

A

The purpose of an ESR test is to monitor certain inflammatory, and infectious conditions .

Example: arthritic conditions

34
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (sed rate) values

A

Normal value:
Adult male: 0–15 mm/hr
Adult female: 0–20 mm/hr

35
Q

Total serum protein values

A

Normal values:
Adult: 6.4–8.3 g/dL (ambulatory)
Adult: 6.0–7.8 g/dL (bedrest)

36
Q

Lipid profile values

A

Values:
1. total cholesterol: less than 200
2. LDL: adult: less than 130 mg/dL
3. HDL: adult: male greater than 45 mg/dL, female, greater than 55 mg/dL
4. LDL: HDL ratio: less than 3
5. Triglycerides: male: 40–160; females: 35–135

37
Q

Serum cholesterol value

A

Desirable value: less than 200Mg/dL

38
Q

Triglycerides values

A

Values:
In males: 40–160 mg/dL
In females: 35–135 mg/dL

39
Q

Magnesium

A

Low magnesium level may increase cardiac irritability and aggravate, cardiac arrhythmias.

Hyper magnesium retards neuromuscular conduction, and is demonstrated as cardiac conduction slowing (widened PR & Q– T intervals with wide QRS, diminished deep, tendon, reflexes, and respiratory depression)

40
Q

Magnesium values

A

Normal values:
1.3– 2.1 mEq/L
Critical value:
Less than 0.5 or greater than 3 mEq/L

41
Q

Lactic acid values

A

Normal values:
Venous blood: 5–20 mg/dL

42
Q

Drugs that increase lactic acid

A

Aspirin, cyanide, ethanol

43
Q

Specific gravity value

A

Normal value:
1.005–1.030

44
Q

Specific gravity

A

Specific gravity reflects the ability of the kidneys to concentrate and dilute urine.
A high specific gravity indicates a concentrated urine.
Hello specific gravity indicate a dilute urine

45
Q

Protein value

A

Normal value:
0–8

46
Q

Protein

A

Proteinuria is a sensitive indicator of kidney to

47
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

Increased levels of calcium
(Lymphoma, multiple myeloma, Addison’s disease)

48
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

Decreased levels of calcium(renal failure, Ricketts, pancreatitis)

49
Q

Hyperchloremia

A

Increased levels of chloride; dehydration, metabolic, acidosis, Cushing syndrome, kidney dysfunction

50
Q

Hypochloremia

A

Decreased levels of chloride. Over dehydration, chronic diarrhea.

51
Q

Hypernatremia

A

Increased levels of sodium. It could cause increase dietary intake, excessive sodium, an IV fluids, excessive, sweating, extensive thermal burns.

52
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Decreased levels of sodium; Addison’s disease, diarrhea, vomiting, chronic renal insufficiency

53
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Increased levels of potassium; Addison’s disease(adrenal insufficiency), crushed injuries to tissues, infection, dehydration

54
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Decreased level of potassium; G.I. disorders, Cushing syndrome(too much hormone cortisol), glucose administration, insulin administration

55
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Increased levels of carbon dioxide; severe vomiting, high-volume, gastric section, COPD

56
Q

Hypocapnia

A

Decreased levels of carbon dioxide; chronic diarrhea, renal failure, starvation, shock

Nsg 101 (11 decks)

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