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Module 2 > Lab Values > Flashcards

Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

What are lab values for?

A

Screening , diagnosis, monitoring

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2
Q

Factors that affect lab values

A

Age
Gender
Race
Pregnancy
Food ingestion

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3
Q

What is all included in CBC?
Complete blood count

A

RBC
Hgb
Hct
MCV
MCH
MCHC
RDW
Platelet
WBC

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4
Q

RBC

A

of Red blood cells

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5
Q

Hgb

A

O2 carrying protien

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6
Q

Hct

A

Packed volume of RBCs and, % of total volume

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7
Q

MCV

A

Cell size (normocytic,, macro and micro)

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8
Q

MCH

A

Amount of Hgb per cell

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9
Q

MCHC

A

HgB/ Hct per 100 mL/RBCs

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10
Q

RDW

A

Red cell distribution width

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11
Q

Platelet

A

of plot. Per cc/blood

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12
Q

WBC

A

of white cells per mL/blood

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13
Q

Normal ranges for RBC count?

A

3.89-5.40 M/uL

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14
Q

What is RBC count?

A

The number of circulating RBCs in 1 mm3 of blood

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15
Q

What kind of molecules does RBC contain?

A

Hemoglobin molecules

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16
Q

RBC indices :

A

MCV
RDW
MCH
MCHC

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17
Q

Normal lab levels of MCV

A

80-95 fL

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18
Q

Normal lab level of RDW

A

11-14.5%

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19
Q

Normal lab levels of MCH

A

27-31 pg

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20
Q

Normal lab levels of MCHC

A

32-36 g/dL

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21
Q

High RBC could indicate what?

A

Congestinital heart disease, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, polycythemia Vera, severe dehydration

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22
Q

What could low RBC count indicate?

A

Anemia, hemoglobinopathy, cirrhosis, hemolytic anemia, hemorrhage, dietary deficiency, bone marrow failure, prosthetic valves, renal disease, normal pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, lymphoma, leukemia, Hodgkin disease

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23
Q

Normal ranges for hemoglobin ( Hgb or Hgb)

A

12-16 g/dL

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24
Q

What does hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb) tell us?

A

Measurement of the total amount of Hgb in the blood

25
Q

What does high amount of hemoglobin (Hgb or Hb) indicate?

A

Erythrocytosis
Congenital heart disease
Severe COPD
Polycythemia Vera
Severe dehydration

26
Q

What does low hemoglobin (Hgb or Hb) indicate?

A

Anemia
hemoglobinopathy
Cirrhosis
Hemolytic anemia
Hemorrhage
Dietary deficiency
Bone marrow failure
Prosthetic valves
Renal disease
Normal pregnancy
Rheumatoid arthritis
Lymphoma
Leukemia
Hodgkin disease

27
Q

What are the normal level of hematocrit (Hct)

A

37.0-47.0%

28
Q

What does lab draw hematocrit (Hct) give us ?

A

Indirect measurement of RBC number and volume

29
Q

Hematocrit lab draw is part of what?

A

Routine testing and anemia evaluation

30
Q

What is the critical values of hematocrit?

A

< 15% or > 60 %

31
Q

What does high hematocrit indicate

A

Erthrocytosis
Congestional heart disease
Severe COPD
Polycythemia Vera
Severe dehydration

32
Q

What does low hematocrit indicate

A

Anemia
Hemoglobinopathy
Cirrhosis
Hemolytic anemia
Hemorrhage
Dietary deficiency
Bone marrow failure
Prosthetic valves
Renal disease
Normal pregnancy
Rheumatoid arthritis
Lymphoma
Leukemia
Hodgkin disease

33
Q

What is anemia

A

Decrease in number of RBCs (erythrocytes)

34
Q

What are some causes of anemia?

A

Blood loss
Impaired RBC production
RBC destruction
Or combination of all 3

35
Q

What are the classifications of anemia

A

Etiology **
Morphology **

36
Q

What is the count the normal count of platelet (thrombocytes)

A

150.000

37
Q

What is platelet count?

A

Actual count of the number of platelets (thrombocytes) per cubic milliner of blood

38
Q

Where are thrombocytes formed?

A

Formed in bone marrow

39
Q

What does high count of platelet indicate?

A

Malignant
Polycythemia vera
Post splenectomy syndromes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Iron deficiency anemia

40
Q

What is the name for a high platelet count?

A

Thrombocytosis

41
Q

A platelet counts that is greater than 1 million puts a person at risk for what?

A

Risk of clotting

42
Q

What does a count greater than 600,000 be at risk for?

A

Potential problems

43
Q

What does a low platelet count indicate?

A

Hypersplenism
Hemorrhage
Immune thrombocytopenia
Leukemia
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia
Graves’ disease
Inherited disorders
DIC
Pernicious anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Infection

44
Q

What is a name for low platelet count?

A

Thrombocytopenia

45
Q

What could it mean when people have a platelet count below 50,000?

A

Significant bleeding

46
Q

TOTAL WMCs (leukocytes) lab values

A

3.6-10.8 K/uL

47
Q

What do the labs of total WMCs give us

A

Measurement of total WBC count

48
Q

What is total WBCs apart of?

A

Routine testing on CBC

49
Q

What is the white cell differential count?

A

Percentage of each type of leuokocyte present in the specimen

50
Q

What does the high total WBC indicate?

A

Infection, inflammation, tissue necrosis, sepsis, leukemic neoplasia, trauma, stress, dehydration, thyroid storm

51
Q

What is another name for high total WBCs?

A

Leukocytosis

52
Q

What does low total WBCs indicate?

A

Bone marrow failure, chemo, radiation therapy, overwhelming infections, autoimmune disease

53
Q

Another name for low total WBCs

A

Leukopenia

54
Q

WBC differential

A

Measurement of percentage of each WBC type in the blood

55
Q

Normal values of Neutrophils

A

50-70%

56
Q

Normal values of lymphocytes

A

20-40%

57
Q

Normal values of monocytes

A

2-8%

58
Q

Normal values of eosinophils

A

1-4%

Module 2 (8 decks)

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