Lab Unit 05: The Neck

Question 1

Longus colli

Answer 1

• Origin (SA):
   Anterior tubercle C1
   \+ bodies C1-C3
   \+ TP C3-C6.
• Insertion (IA):
   Bodies of C5-T3
   \+ TP C3-C5.
• Nerve: AR C2-C6.
• Action:
   - Bilaterally: Flexes neck
   - Unilaterally: Flexes neck, contralateral rotation.

Question 2

Anterior Scalene

Answer 2

• Origin (SA): TP C3-C6.
• Insertion (IA): Scalene tubercle of 1st rib.
• Nerve: AR C4-C6.
• Action:
   - Neck flexion
   - Ipsilateral lateral flexion
   - Contralateral rotation
   - Elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration.

Question 3

Middle scalene

Answer 3

• Origin (SA): Posterior tubercles of TP C5-C7.
• Insertion (IA):
Superior surface of 1st rib
+ Posterior to groove for subclavian artery.
• Nerve: C AR.
• Action:
- Laterally flexes neck
- Elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration.

Question 4

Posterior scalene

Answer 4

• Origin (SA): Posterior tubercles of TP C5-C7.
• Insertion (IA): 2nd rib.
• Nerve: AR C7-C8.
• Action:
- Laterally flexes neck
- Elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration.

Question 5

Levator scapulae

Answer 5

• Origni (PA): Posterior tubercles of TPs C1-4.
• Insertion (DA): Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine.
• Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) + C3, C4.
• Action: Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula.

Question 6

Subclavius

Answer 6

• Origin (PA): Junction o f1st rib + its costal cartilage.
• Insetion (DA): Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle.
• Nerve: Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6).
• Action: Anchors + depresses clavicle.

Question 7

Diaphragm

Answer 7

• Origin (PA):
   Upper lumbar vertebrae
   \+ Lower 6 ribs + costal cartilages
   \+ Xiphoid process.
• Insertion (DA): Central tendon of diaphragm.
• Nerve: Phrenic nerve (C3, C4, C5).
• Action:
   - Flattens central tendon
   - Increasing vertical diameter of thoracic cavity in inspiration.

Question 8

Intercostals External / Internal / Innermost

– ID & Action

Answer 8

• Origin (SA): Inferior border of ribs.
• Insertion (IA): Superior border of ribs below.
• Nerve: AR T1-T11 and Subcostal nerve (T12)
• Action: Approximate ribs.

Question 9

Clavicle

Answer 9

• Sternal end
• Acromial end
• Trapezoid line
• Conoid tubercle
• Shaft/body
• Subclavian groove
• Impression for costoclavicular ligament

Question 10

1st rib

Answer 10

• Head
• Neck
• Tubercle
• Scalene tubercle
• Groove for subclavian artery & lower branch of brachial plexus
• Groove for subclavian vein

Question 11

Other ribs

Answer 11

• Head
• Neck
• Tubercle
• Angle
• Articular facets for vertebral body
• Articular facets for TPs of vertebrae

Question 12

Phrenic nerve C3, C4, C5

Answer 12

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Question 13

CN X Vagus nerve

Answer 13

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Question 14

Vasculature

Answer 14

• Brachiocephalic trunk
• Subclavian artery
• Common carotid artery
• External carotid artery
• Internal carotid artery
• External jugular vein
• Internal jugular vein
• Vertebral Arteries

Question 15

Brachiocephalic Trunk

Answer 15

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Question 16

Subclavian Artery

Answer 16

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Question 17

Common Carotid Artery

Answer 17

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Question 18

External Carotid Artery

Answer 18

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Question 19

Internal Carotid Artery

Answer 19

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Question 20

External Jugular Vein

Answer 20

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Question 21

Internal Jugular Vein

Answer 21

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Question 22

Vertebral Arteries

Answer 22

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Question 23

Miscellaneous

Answer 23

• Trachea
• Esophagus
• Blood flow heart → head
• Anterior Triangle Borders
• Posterior/Lateral Triangle Borders

Question 24

Blood flow from heart to head

Answer 24

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Question 25

Anterior Triangle Borders

Answer 25

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Question 26

Posterior / Lateral Triangle Borders

Answer 26

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