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Lab test 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the host spectrum of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Wide, mostly herbivorous mammals and humans

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2
Q

What are the steps of the lifecycle of F. hepatica?

A

MI - SPO - RE1 - RE2 - CE

Miracidium - Sporocysts - Redia and Cercaria

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3
Q

How is the lifecycle of F. hepatica?

A

Indirect

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4
Q

Where can you find the adult form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

In the bile duct and gallbladder

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5
Q

Where can you find the juvenile form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Penetrates the intestine and migrates to the liver via abdominal cavity

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6
Q

What is the primarily intermediate host of F. hepatica?

A

Galba truncatula (snail)

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7
Q

What is the main source of heavy fascuilosis

A

Secondary biotopes

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8
Q

What is the size of the eggs of F. hepatica?

A

120-150 microm.

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9
Q

Which colour of the eggs does Fasciola hepatica have=

A

Golden yellow

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10
Q

What does the Fasciola hepatica eggs contain?

A

Zygote

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11
Q

What surrounds the egg of the F. hepatica?

A

Granulated yolk

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12
Q

Zygote containing egg of F. hepatica develops into?

A

Ciliated larva (miracidium) in water usually within 2 weeks

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13
Q

F. hepatica: in the body of snail the first larva turns into?

A

Bladder-like sporocyst

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14
Q

What happens in the cavity of the sporocyst of F. hepatica?

A

Third larval form develops by asexual budding (paedogenesis)

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15
Q

In which stage does the F. Hepatica shed their tail?

A

Cercariae

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16
Q

How long takes the migration in the liver parenchyma of F. hepatica?

A

4-6 weeks

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17
Q

Approximately how long is the praepatent period of F. hepatica

A

10 weeks

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18
Q

What are the definitive hosts of F. hepatica?

A

All kinds of ruminants, mainly the hollow-horned ones (bovidae)

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19
Q

What are the most susceptible species for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Sheep, goat, rabbit and hare + (artificially: mouse and rat)

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20
Q

What are the moderately susceptible species of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Cattle, deer, roe-deer, moufflon, buffalo and camel + (artificially: guinea pig)

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21
Q

What are the least susceptible species for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Horse, pig, dog, cat and humans

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22
Q

What can be the symptoms of acute form of Fasciola hepatica

A

Rapid weight loss, sudden death

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23
Q

What colour are the mucous membranes in case of subacute Fasciolosis

A

Pale

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24
Q

What can be the symptoms of subacute form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Severe anaemia, bottle jaw

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25
What can be the symptoms of chronic form of Fasciola hepatica?
Submandibular oedema, cachexia
26
F. hepatica: in case of acute form the young flukes can be found in?
Parenchyma
27
F. hepatica: in case of chronic form the flukes can be found?
In the biliary duct and gall bladder
28
What are the steps of the lifecycle in rumen flukes?
MI - SPO - RE1 - CE | Miracidium, Sporocysts, Redia, Cercaria
29
How is the lifecycle of rumen flukes?
Indirect
30
How long is the praepatent period of rumen flukes
16-18 weeks
31
Where can you find immature rumen flukes?
Duodenum and abomasum
32
Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?
Duodenum
33
What colour does the eggs of rumen flukes have
They are colourless
34
What is special about the juvenile rumen flukes?
They never leave the intestinal canal during their route from small intestine to the forestomach
35
What is the intermediate host in rumen flukes?
Galba truncatula for Calicophoron species and shells of planorbids act as intermediate hosts for Paramphistomum species
36
What is the habitat for the intermediate host of the rumen flukes?
They have a wide range of habitats
37
In which animals is the rumen fluke common
In wild animals
38
What is the size of the eggs of lancet flukes?
40-48 microm. long
39
When is the miracidium able to hatch in the lancet flukes?
If the egg is consumed by a landsnail
40
Where does the larva of the lancet fluke hatch?
In the intestines of the snails
41
Where does the larva of the lancet fluke develop?
In the body cavity of the intermediate host to sporocyst
42
What does the sporocyst of the lancet fluke produce?
Several generations of other sporocysts (so called daughter sporocysts)
43
Cercariae of the lancet fluke have a sharp spine on the tip of the head, what is it called?
Stylet
44
How does the cercariae of the lancet fluke leave the snail?
With the expelled mucous
45
Where does juvenile lancet flukes develop into adults?
Liver, through biliary ducts
46
Approximately how long is the praepatent period in the lancet flukes?
About 7-9 weeks
47
What is the intermediate host of lancet flukes?
Small landsnails may act as first intermediate host
48
For how long does the infected snail survive in the lancet flukes
1-4 years
49
What is the second intermediate host of the lancet flukes
ants
50
How long does the infected ant of the lancet flukes survive for?
Maximum 1 year
51
Which biotope is important in dicrocoeliosis?
None, not primary or secordary
52
Acute form was never mentioned in?
Dicrocoeliosis
53
What is the development of Dicrocoelium in ants?
CE - ME
54
Which fluke species develops with two intermediate hosts?
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
55
You can find 40-50 microm. sized, brownish eggs in the faecal sample. They are eggs of?
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
56
Which fluke is the smallest?
Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0,5-1 cm)
57
What is the main difference between the eggs of rumen flukes and F. hepatica
Colour
58
How to treat the chronic form of rumen flukes?
Levamizol, oxicolzanide
59
How to treat the acute form of rumen flukes?
Stop grazing, fluke-free pasture and use Niclosamide - against immature intestinal stages
60
How can you diagnose the chronic form?
Faecal egg count and necroscopy
61
how can you diagnose acute form of rumen flukes?
No eggs in faeces, juvenile flukes in faeces and microscopy
62
To diagnose rumen flukes we can use
Sedimentation method or flotation
63
Adult rumen flukes are found ... during acute paramphistomatidosis?
Nowhere, because adult rumen flukes are not present in acute form
64
What are the symptoms of chronic rumen paramphistomatidosis?
No symptoms
65
What are the symptoms of acute or intestinal rumen paramphistomatidosis?
Profuse diarrhoea, anorexia, intense thirst, rectal haemorrhage followed by straining anaemia, oedema (due to hypoalbuminaemia) emaciation, death
66
What is the shape of the rumen fluke?
Bean-like/conical
67
What is the size of the rumen fluke?
1-2 cm
68
Where does the rumen fluke take place
Rumen and reticulum
69
What is the genus name for rumen fluke?
Calicophoron
70
Which snail species is amphibious?
Planorbis species
71
Where does the development take place for paramphistomid?
On land and in water
72
What is the paratenic host of the Fascioloides magna?
Cattle
73
What is the aberran host of the Fascioloides magna?
Sheep, goat
74
What is the definite host of Fascioloides magna?
Deer
75
Mixed infections with F. magna and F. Hepatica can occur in
Cattle
76
What is another name of Fascioloides magna?
Large liver fluke
77
How big is Fascuiloides magna?
2-10 cm
78
How do you treat the Fasciolosis?
Treat with Triclabendazole (only fluicide which shows 90-100% efficacy against both early immature and mature fasciola spp.)
79
What is special about the diagnosis of acute Fasciolosis
There are no eggs in the faeces
80
After death of F. hepatica flukes what can be found?
Fibrotic tracts or necrotic areas in liver
81
What is another name for F. hepatica?
Common liver fluke
82
What is the shape of F. hepatica?
Leaf like
83
How big is F. hepatica?
2-3 cm
84
The lifecycle of F. hepatica in Lymnea peregra snail?
None is right, F. hepatica cannot develop in Lymnea peregra snail
85
What family of the Fascicola?
Trematodes
86
Which fluke is the largest?
F. hepatica

Parasitology (9 decks)

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