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Parasitology > Lab test 6 > Flashcards

Lab test 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the host spectrum of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Wide, mostly herbivorous mammals and humans

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2
Q

What are the steps of the lifecycle of F. hepatica?

A

MI - SPO - RE1 - RE2 - CE

Miracidium - Sporocysts - Redia and Cercaria

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3
Q

How is the lifecycle of F. hepatica?

A

Indirect

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4
Q

Where can you find the adult form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

In the bile duct and gallbladder

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5
Q

Where can you find the juvenile form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Penetrates the intestine and migrates to the liver via abdominal cavity

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6
Q

What is the primarily intermediate host of F. hepatica?

A

Galba truncatula (snail)

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7
Q

What is the main source of heavy fascuilosis

A

Secondary biotopes

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8
Q

What is the size of the eggs of F. hepatica?

A

120-150 microm.

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9
Q

Which colour of the eggs does Fasciola hepatica have=

A

Golden yellow

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10
Q

What does the Fasciola hepatica eggs contain?

A

Zygote

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11
Q

What surrounds the egg of the F. hepatica?

A

Granulated yolk

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12
Q

Zygote containing egg of F. hepatica develops into?

A

Ciliated larva (miracidium) in water usually within 2 weeks

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13
Q

F. hepatica: in the body of snail the first larva turns into?

A

Bladder-like sporocyst

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14
Q

What happens in the cavity of the sporocyst of F. hepatica?

A

Third larval form develops by asexual budding (paedogenesis)

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15
Q

In which stage does the F. Hepatica shed their tail?

A

Cercariae

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16
Q

How long takes the migration in the liver parenchyma of F. hepatica?

A

4-6 weeks

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17
Q

Approximately how long is the praepatent period of F. hepatica

A

10 weeks

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18
Q

What are the definitive hosts of F. hepatica?

A

All kinds of ruminants, mainly the hollow-horned ones (bovidae)

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19
Q

What are the most susceptible species for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Sheep, goat, rabbit and hare + (artificially: mouse and rat)

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20
Q

What are the moderately susceptible species of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Cattle, deer, roe-deer, moufflon, buffalo and camel + (artificially: guinea pig)

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21
Q

What are the least susceptible species for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Horse, pig, dog, cat and humans

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22
Q

What can be the symptoms of acute form of Fasciola hepatica

A

Rapid weight loss, sudden death

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23
Q

What colour are the mucous membranes in case of subacute Fasciolosis

A

Pale

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24
Q

What can be the symptoms of subacute form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Severe anaemia, bottle jaw

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25
Q

What can be the symptoms of chronic form of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Submandibular oedema, cachexia

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26
Q

F. hepatica: in case of acute form the young flukes can be found in?

A

Parenchyma

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27
Q

F. hepatica: in case of chronic form the flukes can be found?

A

In the biliary duct and gall bladder

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28
Q

What are the steps of the lifecycle in rumen flukes?

A

MI - SPO - RE1 - CE

Miracidium, Sporocysts, Redia, Cercaria

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29
Q

How is the lifecycle of rumen flukes?

A

Indirect

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30
Q

How long is the praepatent period of rumen flukes

A

16-18 weeks

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31
Q

Where can you find immature rumen flukes?

A

Duodenum and abomasum

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32
Q

Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?

A

Duodenum

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33
Q

What colour does the eggs of rumen flukes have

A

They are colourless

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34
Q

What is special about the juvenile rumen flukes?

A

They never leave the intestinal canal during their route from small intestine to the forestomach

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35
Q

What is the intermediate host in rumen flukes?

A

Galba truncatula for Calicophoron species and shells of planorbids act as intermediate hosts for Paramphistomum species

36
Q

What is the habitat for the intermediate host of the rumen flukes?

A

They have a wide range of habitats

37
Q

In which animals is the rumen fluke common

A

In wild animals

38
Q

What is the size of the eggs of lancet flukes?

A

40-48 microm. long

39
Q

When is the miracidium able to hatch in the lancet flukes?

A

If the egg is consumed by a landsnail

40
Q

Where does the larva of the lancet fluke hatch?

A

In the intestines of the snails

41
Q

Where does the larva of the lancet fluke develop?

A

In the body cavity of the intermediate host to sporocyst

42
Q

What does the sporocyst of the lancet fluke produce?

A

Several generations of other sporocysts (so called daughter sporocysts)

43
Q

Cercariae of the lancet fluke have a sharp spine on the tip of the head, what is it called?

A

Stylet

44
Q

How does the cercariae of the lancet fluke leave the snail?

A

With the expelled mucous

45
Q

Where does juvenile lancet flukes develop into adults?

A

Liver, through biliary ducts

46
Q

Approximately how long is the praepatent period in the lancet flukes?

A

About 7-9 weeks

47
Q

What is the intermediate host of lancet flukes?

A

Small landsnails may act as first intermediate host

48
Q

For how long does the infected snail survive in the lancet flukes

A

1-4 years

49
Q

What is the second intermediate host of the lancet flukes

A

ants

50
Q

How long does the infected ant of the lancet flukes survive for?

A

Maximum 1 year

51
Q

Which biotope is important in dicrocoeliosis?

A

None, not primary or secordary

52
Q

Acute form was never mentioned in?

A

Dicrocoeliosis

53
Q

What is the development of Dicrocoelium in ants?

A

CE - ME

54
Q

Which fluke species develops with two intermediate hosts?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

55
Q

You can find 40-50 microm. sized, brownish eggs in the faecal sample. They are eggs of?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum

56
Q

Which fluke is the smallest?

A

Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0,5-1 cm)

57
Q

What is the main difference between the eggs of rumen flukes and F. hepatica

A

Colour

58
Q

How to treat the chronic form of rumen flukes?

A

Levamizol, oxicolzanide

59
Q

How to treat the acute form of rumen flukes?

A

Stop grazing, fluke-free pasture and use Niclosamide - against immature intestinal stages

60
Q

How can you diagnose the chronic form?

A

Faecal egg count and necroscopy

61
Q

how can you diagnose acute form of rumen flukes?

A

No eggs in faeces, juvenile flukes in faeces and microscopy

62
Q

To diagnose rumen flukes we can use

A

Sedimentation method or flotation

63
Q

Adult rumen flukes are found … during acute paramphistomatidosis?

A

Nowhere, because adult rumen flukes are not present in acute form

64
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic rumen paramphistomatidosis?

A

No symptoms

65
Q

What are the symptoms of acute or intestinal rumen paramphistomatidosis?

A

Profuse diarrhoea, anorexia, intense thirst, rectal haemorrhage followed by straining anaemia, oedema (due to hypoalbuminaemia) emaciation, death

66
Q

What is the shape of the rumen fluke?

A

Bean-like/conical

67
Q

What is the size of the rumen fluke?

A

1-2 cm

68
Q

Where does the rumen fluke take place

A

Rumen and reticulum

69
Q

What is the genus name for rumen fluke?

A

Calicophoron

70
Q

Which snail species is amphibious?

A

Planorbis species

71
Q

Where does the development take place for paramphistomid?

A

On land and in water

72
Q

What is the paratenic host of the Fascioloides magna?

A

Cattle

73
Q

What is the aberran host of the Fascioloides magna?

A

Sheep, goat

74
Q

What is the definite host of Fascioloides magna?

A

Deer

75
Q

Mixed infections with F. magna and F. Hepatica can occur in

A

Cattle

76
Q

What is another name of Fascioloides magna?

A

Large liver fluke

77
Q

How big is Fascuiloides magna?

A

2-10 cm

78
Q

How do you treat the Fasciolosis?

A

Treat with Triclabendazole (only fluicide which shows 90-100% efficacy against both early immature and mature fasciola spp.)

79
Q

What is special about the diagnosis of acute Fasciolosis

A

There are no eggs in the faeces

80
Q

After death of F. hepatica flukes what can be found?

A

Fibrotic tracts or necrotic areas in liver

81
Q

What is another name for F. hepatica?

A

Common liver fluke

82
Q

What is the shape of F. hepatica?

A

Leaf like

83
Q

How big is F. hepatica?

A

2-3 cm

84
Q

The lifecycle of F. hepatica in Lymnea peregra snail?

A

None is right, F. hepatica cannot develop in Lymnea peregra snail

85
Q

What family of the Fascicola?

A

Trematodes

86
Q

Which fluke is the largest?

A

F. hepatica

Parasitology (9 decks)

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