Lab Test 2

Question 1

What phylum and type of plant is moss?

Answer 1

Bryophyta, non-vascular

Question 2

What phylum and type of plant is Fern?

Answer 2

Pteriidophyta, vascular

Question 3

What is the life cycle of a plant including haploid and diploid?

Answer 3

diploid sporophyte
haploid spores
haploid gametophyte
haploid gametes
diploid zygote

Question 4

What plant is this? Identify archegonium and antheridium.

Answer 4

Fern
Antheridia (male)
Archegonia (female)

Question 5

What plant is this? Identify archegonium and antheridium.

Answer 5

Moss
Antheridium (male)
Archegonium (female)

Question 6

What plant is this? Identify sporophyte and gametophyte.

Answer 6

Moss

Question 7

What plant is this? Identify spores and sporangium.

Answer 7

Moss Capsule

Question 8

What is this and what plant is it found on?

Answer 8

Sori (clustered sporangia), Sporangium, Ferns

Question 9

What is the dominant stage of a fern?

Answer 9

sporophyte

Question 10

What is the dominant stage of moss?

Answer 10

gametophyte

Question 11

What is the phylum of gymnosperms?

Answer 11

coniferophyta, most trees

Question 12

What is the phylum of angiosperms?

Answer 12

Manoliophyta, flowers and fruit

Question 13

Identify the male and female structures in a flower.

Answer 13

Question 14

What are the vein patterns of monocots and dicots?

Answer 14

Monocot- parallel veins
Dicot- netted veins

Question 15

Which is monocot and which is dicot?

Answer 15

Question 16

What is this and what are its structures?

Answer 16

female gametophyte of pine
megaspore is haploid, goes through cell division and develops into female gamete

Question 17

What is this and what are its structures?

Answer 17

Male gametophyte of pine
megaspore goes through cell division becomes pollen grains

Question 18

Identify a male and female cone.

Answer 18

male is smaller, female is larger

Question 19

Is this root or stem, which is dicot and monocot?

Answer 19

Root, dicot left, monocot right

Question 20

Is this stem or root, which is monocot and dicot?

Answer 20

stem, dicot left, monocot right

Question 21

What is this and identify its structures?

Answer 21

Dicot stem, ground tissues (pith, cortex, vascular bundle)

Question 22

What is this?

Answer 22

Monocot stem

Question 23

What is this?

Answer 23

Apical meristem, located at tip of stems and roots

Question 24

What is this?

Answer 24

dicot root

Question 25

What is this?

Answer 25

Monocot root

Question 26

What is this and identify its structures?

Answer 26

Onion root, root cap, zone of cell division and elongation

Question 27

What is the domain and kingdom and phylum of nematodes?

Answer 27

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda

Question 28

What are the four plant tissue types and their fxns?

Answer 28

Dermal tissue: covers outer surface of entire plant, most common is epidermis, fxn is to control gas exchange and prevent water loss
Vascular tissue: fxn is to transport water and sugar throughout plant and support, two types are xylem and phloem
Ground tissue: all of the cells in the stem, roots, and leaves that surround the vascular tissue up to the dermal tissue, most common is parachyma which stores food
Meristematic- dividing tissue (apical and lateral meristem)

Question 29

What are the 2 types of vascular tissues?

Answer 29

Transports water and sugar throughout plant body
Xylem- roots to leaves
Phloem- leaves to other parts of plant

Question 30

What is the difference between apical and lateral meristems?

Answer 30

Apical: located at the tips of roots and stems, responsible for lengthening of the stems and roots
Lateral: occur in a ring along entire length of stems and roots, responsible for increase in diameter of stems and roots

Question 31

Identify these structures.

Answer 31

Question 32

Which is palmately compound and pinnately compound?

Answer 32

pinnately left, palmately right

Question 33

What is the most common dermal tissue?

Answer 33

epidermis

Question 34

What is the best fit line and value of R2?

Answer 34

Best fit line- straight line that runs closest (in between) to all points as you can get
R2 is a measure of how close the data are to the fitted line
R2 = 0-1
Strong correlation is closer to 1
Weak correlation is closer to 0

Question 35

What is an independent variable?

Answer 35

causes change in dependent variable, for nematode experiment= organic matter, water percentage, soil density

Question 36

What is a dependent variable?

Answer 36

changes depending on independent variables, for nematode experiment= the number of nematodes observed

Question 37

What is a control variable?

Answer 37

not changed or measured, but held constant so as not to influence other variables

Question 38

How do you calculate soil water percentage?

Answer 38

(1-(dry weight/wet weight))100= water percentage
wet weight= reference sample-weight of the dish
dry weight= reference sample left alone for a week-weight of the dish

Question 39

How do you calculate Simpson’s diversity index?

Answer 39

1-[sum(nx(n-1))/Nx(N-1)]

Question 40

What do the values of Simpson’s diversity index mean?

Answer 40

closer to 1 is more diverse

Question 41

What is the difference between species richness and relative abundance?

Answer 41

Species richness- number of different species in a community
Relative abundance (evenness)- greater if all species are evenly distributed within a community, less if one species dominates

Question 42

What is the fused bones in a frog called?

Answer 42

Urostyle (think pelvis)

Question 43

What are the fused bones in a bird?

Answer 43

keel/sternum