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Prerequisites > lab test 2 > Flashcards

lab test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

test for food contamination

A

PEA + MSA

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2
Q

urine test from patient infected with staphylococcusq

A

PEA + MSA

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3
Q

urine test from patient infected with e.coli

A

EMB

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4
Q

stool sample from patient who may be infected with gram -, enteric bacteria

A

EMB + MAC

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5
Q

gram positive

A

staph.
micrococcus luteus

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6
Q

spore forming

A

bacillus subtilis

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7
Q

acid fast

A

mycobac. smegma

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8
Q

gram negative

A

e.coli
pseudomonas
serratia

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9
Q

which is more deadly; hyper or hypotonic?

A

hypertonic; bacteria loose water rapidly and plasmolyze

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10
Q

three ways gamma and UV are different;

A
  1. gamma penetrates and sterilizes while UV only sterilizes surfaces
  2. gamma ionizes all molecules struck (irreparable) while UV causes thymine dimers to disrupt replication and transcription (reparable)
  3. gamma requires large emitter and lead-lined chamber while UV can be found outside for free or bought cheaply
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11
Q

anitseptic

A

chemicals used to on humans

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12
Q

disinfectant

A

chemicals used on non living surfaces

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13
Q

antibiotics

A

naturally produced chemicals that kill bacteria either on the inside or outside of body

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14
Q

bacteriocidal

A

kills bacteria

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15
Q

bacteriostatic

A

inhibits further bacterial growth

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16
Q

reazuring in thioglycollate

A

red when oxidized, clear when oxygen free

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17
Q

generator in gas pak

A

releases CO2 and H2 - h2 bids with O and CO2 makes microaerophiles grow better

18
Q

agar in thioglycollate

A

prevents diffusion of O2 into lower areas of tube - keeps oxygen up with Na thioglycollate

19
Q

methylene blue in gas pak

A

blue when oxidized, clear when oxygen free

20
Q

pAmp in transformation experiment

A

contained plasmid for antibiotic ampicillin resistance; transformation of sensitive cells to resistant cells

21
Q

broad spectrum antibiotic

A

affects many CATEGORIES of organisms (such as gram – and gram +), by affecting structures and processes common to many bacteria, not just a few.

22
Q

thermophile

A

high temp 40C to 100C

23
Q

size of zone of inhibition factors;

A
  1. solubility in water based agar
  2. temp. of incubation
  3. size of molucle of agent
  4. time of incubation
  5. interaction between agent and agar
  6. diffusability of agent
24
Q

What explanation can be given for the fact that an organism may grow best at one temperature, yet only produce a capsule at another temperature?

A

spore forming enzymes may work better at dif. temp. than normal enzymes

25
Q

what do anaerobes produce?

A

o3 and h2o2

26
Q

why is oxygen toxis to anaerobes?

A

they lack toxin neutralizing enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase

27
Q

how do anaerobes survive in o2 environments?

A

self destruct and form spores

28
Q

which mediums are selective?

A

MAC + PEA

29
Q

MAC ingredient

A

crystal violet and bile salts

30
Q

MSA ingredient

A

mannitol as sugar and pH indicator

31
Q

blood ingredient

A

red blood cells

32
Q

PEA ingredient

A

alcohol

33
Q

EMB ingredient

A

lactose as sugar, pH indicator

34
Q

Green/metallic on EMB plate

A
  • E.coli
  • gram neg
  • lactose fermenter
35
Q

grows well on PEA

A
  • hardy
  • gram pos
  • cocci
    -NOT strep
36
Q

white colonies on MSA plate

A

staph.

37
Q

grows well on MAC plate

A

gram neg

38
Q

yellow agar on MSA plate

A

-mannitol fermenter
-likely staph. a

39
Q

colorless on EMB plate

A
  • gram neg
  • NOT a lactose fermenter
40
Q

cultural characteristics of Slant

A

amount, form, color, odor, transparency

41
Q

cultural characteristics of Plate

A

size, shape, margin, elevation, color

42
Q

how antibiotics kill bacteria

A
  1. cell wall interference
  2. block protein synthesis
  3. block metabolites
  4. inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Prerequisites (8 decks)

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