(LAB) Specimen Collection Flashcards
When should specimen be collected
Acute phase of illness
What to use when patient is on antimicrobial
Thiol Broth
Sulfonamide can be neutralize by addition of?
P-amino benzoic acid
Penicillin can be counteracted by adding?
Penicillinase
Components of Bacto-Penase Broth
Brain Heart Infusion
Penicilinase
P-amino benzoic acid
Preservative for Urine
Boric Acid
Preservative for stool
Polyvinyl alcohol & Buffered Formalin
Not recommended for viral specimens
Calcium Alginate
Urine, stool, sputum, swabs, and viral specimens should be stored at what temperature?
Refrigerator Temp (4C)
CSF should be stored at what temperature
Incubator Temp (35C)
Specimens for anaerobic culture, sterile body fluid, genital specimen and swabs (ear and eye)
are held in what temperature?
Room Temp (22 - 25C)
Serum should be kept at what temp
-20C
Tissue specimens and Fecal specimens should be stored at what temp
-70C
Specimens that should be Plated ASAP
- Body fluids
- Bone specimens
- Gastric Biopsy
- Suprapubic aspirate of urine
- Prostatic Specimens
Specimen that can be stored indefinitely at room temp
Hair, Nail, or Skin scrapings
Specimens that should be immediately stored at 35C
- Blood
- Bone marrow specimens
- Corneal scrapings
Specimen that can be stored for 6hrs at 35C
CSF
Specimen that can be stored for 72hrs at 4C
Rectal swab
Stool culture
Maintains the integrity of the specimen from the time of specimen collection until
laboratory processing of the sample
Transport Medium
Transport medium for stool pathogens
Cary Blair
Transport medium for virus transport media
Stuart’s
Transport medium for Respiratory specimen
Amies
Transport medium for Neisseria
Transgrow / Cary Blair
Transport medium for Streptococcus agalactiae
Cary Blair
Level 1 or Critical / Invasive Specimens
- Amniotic Fluid
- Blood
- Brain
- CSF
- Serous Fluids
Level 2 or Unpreserved Specimens
- Bone
- Feces
- Sputum
- Tissue
- Other Body Fluids
Level 3 or Quantitation Required Specimens
- Catheter Tip
- urine
- Tissue
Level 4 or Preserved Specimens
- Urine
- Feces
- Swabs in holding media
Blood should be drawn when
Febrile Episode (30 - 45mins before fever spikes)
Concentration of SPS should not exceed ______
0.025% w/v
What should be added to prevent interference in blood
1% gelatin
Signs of growth in blood
Hemolysis
Gas bubbles
Turbidity
Ideal manner of collection for blood culture
Butterfly Infusion
How is CSF collected
Lumbar Tap / Spinal Tap
Purposes of the 4 containers for CSF
1st - ClinChem/Sero
2nd - Micorbio for culture
3rd - Clin Hema for cell count
4th - Additional tests for Micobio
Specimen of choice for detecting GIT pathogens
Stool
4 samples from Respiratory Tract
Throat Swab
Nasal Swab
Nasopharyngeal Swab
Sputum
How many morning specimens for sputum should be collected
3 (1hr intervals)
When should Sputum be collected
Morning (more concentrated)
Used to determine the cause of vaginitis, urethritis, cervicitis as well as childbirth infections
Genitourinary Specimens
Often used to determine STIs
Genitourinary Specimens
Most fastidious organisms
Genitourinary Specimens
Culture Method for Genitourinary Specimens
Chocolate Agar Plate
Transport medium for Genitourinary Specimens
Jembec / Gono Pak
How many swab must be collected for Genitourinary Specimens
2 (1 for gram staining, 1 for culture)
Results from animal or human bites, burns, ulcers and traumatic
wounds
Exogenous wound infection
Attribute to bacterial sources within the patient
Endogenous wound infection
5 Types of Culture Media
- Nonselective
- Selective
- Differential
- Enriched Media
- Enrichment Broth
Culture Media selections
Blood Agar Plate
Chocolate Agar plate
MacConkey Agar
Incubation Temp
35 - 37C
Routine Incubation Time
48 - 77hrs
Incubation Time for Anaerobes and Broth
5 - 7 days
Use of cotton swab may release what
Toxic Fatty Acids
3 different swab equipment that can be used for specimen collection for Bacterial Culture
Calcium Alginate
Dacron
Rayon
3 way to get urine sample
Midstream clean catch
Catheterized
Suprapubic aspirate
