lab safety Flashcards
the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury
safety
necessitates the effective control of all hazards that exist in the clinical laboratory at any given time
laboratory safety
Common hazard and injuries
electric shock, toxic vapors, compressed gases, flammable liquid, radioactive materials, corrosive substances, mechanical trauma, poison, and risk in handling biologic
materials
Within the U.S. Department of Labor to set levels of safety and health for all workers in the United States.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
A nonprofit organization that sets voluntary consensus standards for all areas of clinical laboratorie
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
A Federal agency that carries out mandated public
health laws and reporting requirement
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Provides accreditation and proficiency testing for
laboratories
College of American Pathologists
An independent, not-for-profit organization that
accredits and certifies health-care organizations and
programs in the United States
The Joint Commission
What is NCCLS
– National committee for
clinical laboratory standards
All Clinical Lab should have based on OSHA:
Chemical Hygiene plan
Exposure control plan
Copy of Material Safety Data Sheet (
document contain hazard of each chemical
Material Safety Data Sheet
Safety begins with the recognition of hazards and is
achieved through the ff:
- Application of common sense
- Listen to the instructions
- A safety-focused attitude
- Good personal behavior
- Good housekeeping in all laboratory work and storage
areas - Continual practice of good laboratory technique
Two primary causes of accidents:
Unsafe acts
Unsafe environmental conditions
It is responsibility of the personnel to know the location and how
to use or operate the safety equipment
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
example of safety equipment
Safety showers and Eyewash stations
* Fire extinguishers
* Fume Hoods
Biosafety Cabinets
SPILLS
Alert others in area of the spill.
* Use mechanical devices to pick up broken glass
* Absorb the spill with paper towels, gauze pads, or tissue.
* Clean the spill site using a common aqueous detergent.
* Disinfect the spill site using approved disinfectant or 10%
bleach, using appropriate contact time.
* Rinse the spill site with water.
* Dispose of all materials in appropriate biohazard containers
In what year CDC instituted the Universal Precautions (UP)
1987
Are not limited to blood borne pathogens
Body Substance Isolation (BSI) guidelines
combined the major features of UP and BSI
guidelines and called the new guidelines
Standard Precautions (SP)
Kills HIV for how long
2 mins
Kills HBV for how long
10 mins
Sodium hypochlorite stored in plastic bottle,
effective for how long
1 month
Basic Waste Disposal Technique
- incineration
- autoclaving
- pick up by a certified hazardous waste company
- Flushing down the drain (urine)
- Landfill burial
- Recycling
Dry non-infectious waste
black container
wet non-infectious waste
green
infectious waste
yellow
Sharp materials
red puncture proof
radioactive waste
orange
When skin contact occurs, the best first aid is to flush the area with large amounts of water for how long
15 mins
CHEMICAL HAZARD
- Chemical spills
- chemical handling
- Chemical Hygiene Plan
Flash point equal or
above 37.8°C (100°F)
Combustible Hazards
Flash point above 37.8°C
(100°F
Flammable Hazards
example of flammable liquid
Ether, acetone, ethanol and benzene
Irreversible injuries to the skin or eyes by direct
contact or to the tissue of the respiratory and
gastrointestinal tracts if inhaled or ingested
corrosive chemicals
example of corrosive chemicals
Hydrochloric acid, ammonium hydroxide
Substances that, under certain conditions, can
spontaneously explode or ignite or that evolve heat or
flammable or explosive gases
reactive chemicals
example of reactive chemicals
Reactive Chemicals
Substances that have been determined to be cancer causing agents
Carcinogenic Chemicals
example of Carcinogenic Chemicals
Chromic acid (affect kidney), chloroform (affect liver)
Safety carriers should always be used to transport
glass bottles of acids, alkalis, or organic solvents in
volumes larger than
500 mL
Approved safety cans should be used for storing,
dispensing, or disposing of flammables in volumes
greater than
1 quart
STORED SEPARATELY
- Flammable solids
- Organic acids
- Oxidizers
- Water-reactive substances
- Ergonomic Hazards
- Mechanical Hazards
- Compressed Gas Hazards
physical hazard
maximum permissible dose
s 5000 mrem/year whole
body
help eliminate bumping/boilover when
liquids are heated
glass beads
