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Laboratory > Lab Safety > Flashcards

Lab Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What type of hazards are there in a lab?

A
  • Physical
  • Chemical
  • Biological
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2
Q

What are the rules for lab?

A
  • Safety first priority
  • No eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics, or handling contact lenses
  • No horseplay
  • Wear PPE
  • Needle not recapped, bent, cut, broken, removed from syringes, or manipulated by hand
  • Minimize formation of droplets, spatters, splashes, and spills
  • Clean spills promptly
  • Clean/decontaminate all surfaces
  • Inform COC of accidents, exposures, or unsafe procedures
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3
Q

What are Universal Precautions?

A
  • Infection control strategy to reduce the risk of disease transmission
  • Introduced by CDC in response to HIV epidemic in 1985
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4
Q

Blood and other potentially infectious material is treated as infected by what until proven otherwise?

A
  • HIV
  • Hep C
  • Hep B
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5
Q

When should personal protective barriers be used when exposure to blood or body fluids may occur?

A

All the time

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6
Q

Who publishes guidelines that most agencies have adopted?

A

CDC

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7
Q

Universal Precautions apply to what?

A
  • Blood
  • Tissue
  • Semen
  • Other bodily fluids (9 additional fluids)
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8
Q

Universal Precautions do not apply to what?

A
  • Feces
  • Nasal secretions
  • Sputum
  • Sweat
  • Tears
  • Urine/vomit unless they contain blood
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9
Q

What are some general rules for wearing PPE with infectious waste safety precautions?

A
  • Specialized clothing/equipment must be worn
  • General work clothes are not considered PPE
  • All PPE must be removed and hands washed prior to leaving work area
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10
Q

What does PPE include with infectious waste safety precautions?

A
  • Gloves
  • Gowns, aprons, lab coats
  • Eye protection/face shields
  • Caps
  • Shoes
  • Covers
  • Masks
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11
Q

What are some general guidelines for gloves as part of PPE?

A
  • Worn when possibility of contact with infectious material may happen
  • Worn when person’s hands are abraded or active dermatitis present
  • Disposable gloves (usually latex/vinyl) are appropriate size
  • Replace ASAP when broken/contaminated
  • No washing/decontaminating disposable gloves
  • Hypoallergenic gloves for people with allergies
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12
Q

When are Gowns, Aprons, and Lab coats to be worn?

A

When a procedure has the ability to generate splashes of potentially infected substances or hazardous chemicals

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13
Q

What are general guidelines for Eye protection as part of PPE?

A
  • Worn whenever splashes may occur
  • Face shields must be chin length
  • Goggles must have solid side shields
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14
Q

What is the governing instruction for lab safety requirements and procedures

A

CLIP DoD Instruction 6440.02

- Clinical Laboratory Improvement Program

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15
Q

What are the federal regulations pertaining to lab safety?

A
  • OSHA Act of 1970
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
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16
Q

What are the Code of Federal Regulations?

A
  • Annually revised compendium of federal laws in the US published in Federal Register
  • Regulations pertaining to transportation of hazardous waste
17
Q

What does each state have in regard to lab safety?

A
  • Occupational Safety and Regulations

- Department of Health and Human Services & Medical Waste Management Program

18
Q

What is the purpose of state Occupational Safety and Health regulations?

A

Protects works and the public from safety hazards

19
Q

What is the purpose of state Department of Health and Human Services and Medical Waste Management Program?

A

Protect the public and the environment from potential infectious exposure to disease causing agents

20
Q

What are medical departments on ships considered?

A

Non-fixed Medical Treatment Facilities

21
Q

What does CLIP certification allow?

A

Testing of clinical samples for utilization in diagnosis patients

22
Q

How often is CLIP inspection and who performs it?

A
  • Every 2 years

- Performed by Medical Laboratory Officer or appointed Lab Tech from hospital within AOR

23
Q

CLIP records must include what?

A
  • Quality control on samples, test kits, and analyzers
  • Log on refrigerator/freezer temperatures
  • Maintenance logs for equipment maintained by biomed
24
Q

Can ships request a technical assist visit from AOR’s hospital?

A

Yes

25
Q

What are the two instructions from BUMED in regards to lab?

A
  • BUMED 6280.1 Series Management of Infectious Waste

- NAVEDTRA 14295 Series, Chap 19

26
Q

What is another instruction pertaining to lab used by armed forces?

A

Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA)

27
Q

What is pertinent info to SOFA?

A
  • Agreement between a host nation and military forces

- When the two rules contradict, go with the more strict rule

28
Q

What is considered non-infectious waste pertain to?

A
  • Medical waste that does not contain enough pathogen to be harmful
  • EX:
  • Disposable products such as diapers and tissue paper
  • Bedpans, Urinary catheters, Nasogastric tubing
  • Containers rinsed free of regulated body fluids
29
Q

What are the guidelines for Infectious Storage?

A
  • Mark storage room exterior with Biohazard and Authorized personnel only sign
  • Storage room should be near treatment/transport site and lockable
  • Keep clean/free of pests/rodents
  • Limit storage to 7 days
30
Q

What are the guidelines for Infectious waste disposal ashore?

A
  • Comply with local, state, and federal laws and/or SOFA
  • Package, treated, and labeled
  • Monitoring system to include
  • Date
  • Time
  • Amount
  • Type
  • Disposition
31
Q

What are the guidelines for overboard discharge of Infectious waste disposal afloat?

A

One of the following must be basis for discharge:

  • Endangers health/safety
  • Creates unacceptable nuisance
  • Compromise of combat readiness
32
Q

What are the conditions for overboard discharge of Infectious waste disposal afloat?

A
  • CO’s approval
  • Must be greater than 50 miles offshore
  • Properly packaged and weighted for negative buoyancy
  • Entries made in the ship’s deck log and medical journal indicating:
  • Date
  • Time
  • Ship’s location
  • Number of bags
33
Q

What do you do with unused medical supplies?

A
  • Handled, stored, and disposed of as infectious

- Recycle

34
Q

What are the materials needed for decontamination?

A
  • Gloves
  • Gown/lab coat
  • Goggles/face shield
  • Absorbent materials (Spill kit)
  • Disinfectant approved by EPA for shipboard use
35
Q

What are the procedures for decontamination?

A
  • Countertops should be decon’ed with approved disinfectant
  • Infectious waste spills should be decon’ed by applying appropriate disinfectant
  • If broken tube/glass, use absorbent material and then mechanical means
  • Dispose of waste properly

Laboratory (6 decks)

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