Lab Quiz 2

Question 1

Specificity

Answer 1

Receptors are specific, only respond to one ligand.

Question 2

Ligand

Answer 2

Chemical produced by the body to activate a receptor.

Question 3

Agonist

Answer 3

Chemical from outside of the body that activates a receptor.

Question 4

Antagonist

Answer 4

Binds a receptor but doesn’t activate it. Prevents anything else from binding the receptor.

Question 5

Enzyme

Answer 5

Biological catalysts that lower the activation energy of a reaction.

Question 6

Activation Energy

Answer 6

The amount of energy needed to trigger a reaction.

Question 7

Active Site

Answer 7

Region where the enzyme binds that determines the catalytic effect of the enzyme.

Question 8

Cofactors

Answer 8

Aid in the binding process.

Question 9

Coenzymes

Answer 9

Also aid in the binding process.

Question 10

Dye-Coupled Reactions

Answer 10

The process of adding a dye into a reaction in order to observe the reaction between two things of interest. This technique is often used when using a spectrophotometer.

Question 11

Guaiacol

Answer 11

Used in the enzyme activity experiment, when oxidized it produces a brownish color.

Question 12

Microplate Reader

Answer 12

Detect differences between wells on a microtiter plate.

Question 13

Derivative Graph

Answer 13

The slope of the raw data and verses the derivatives of the lines at certain points on the graph.

Question 14

Denaturation

Answer 14

When a protein loses its shape because of a change of external factors that differ from the native state.

Question 15

Karyokinesis

Answer 15

Nuclear division during mitosis.

Question 16

Mitosis

Answer 16

The process in which cells replicate and produce two identical daughter cells.

Question 17

Cytokinesis

Answer 17

Cytoplasmic divison, the last step in mitosis.

Question 18

Chromosomes

Answer 18

The carrier of genes found in the nucleus.

Question 19

Sister Chromatids

Answer 19

The duplicate parts of each chromosome.

Question 20

Centrosome

Answer 20

Where the microtubule spindles meet. Spindles radiate from here.

Question 21

Centromere

Answer 21

Holds the sister chromatids together as part of the same chromosome.

Question 22

Spindle

Answer 22

Microtubules radiating from the centromere. Connect to sister chromatids at the kinetochore to pull them apart during mitosis.

Question 23

Asters

Answer 23

The “star-burst” structure made by the spindles and centromere.

Question 24

Cleavage Furrow

Answer 24

The indent or separation between the two daughter cells in the mitosis.

Question 25

Cell Plate

Answer 25

Found in plant cells, separates the daughter cells during the final stage of mitosis.

Question 26

Cell Cycle

Answer 26

The cell cycle is the events that take place leading up to and during cellular division.

Question 27

Interphase

Answer 27

The period of cellular growth prior to mitosis.

Question 28

Prophase

Answer 28

The nuclear envelope disappears, spindle begins to form.

Question 29

Metaphase

Answer 29

Spindle has arranged the chromosomes in the equator of the cell.

Question 30

Anaphase

Answer 30

Sister chromatids begin to separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 31

Telophase

Answer 31

Chromosomes approach their individual poles, cleavage furrow begins to develop.

Question 32

Blastula

Answer 32

A hollow sphere of cells surrounding intracellular fluid.

Question 33

Fixative

Answer 33

Used to preserve or stabilize specimens prior to microscopy.

Question 34

A

Answer 34

Adenine

Question 35

G

Answer 35

Guanine

Question 36

T

Answer 36

Thymine

Question 37

C

Answer 37

Cytosine

Question 38

Genome

Answer 38

The collection of all of the information found in DNA.

Question 39

Gene

Answer 39

Section of DNA that contains the information to make protein.

Question 40

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

Answer 40

Noncovalently bonded complex between the enzyme and substrate that only exists for a few seconds.

Question 41

Nucleotide

Answer 41

A unit containing a base, sugar and phosphate.

Question 42

2 Vasodilators

Answer 42

Nicotine, Nitroglycerine.

Question 43

2 Vasoconstrictors

Answer 43

Pseudoephedrine, Epinephrine.

Question 44

Endocrine

Answer 44

Produces secretions distributed by blood stream.

Question 45

Paracrine

Answer 45

Created by one cell, triggers cells around it.

Question 46

Autocrine

Answer 46

Created by cell, acts on the surface receptors of the same cell.