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Microbiology > Lab Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Lab Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 daily materials from lab exercises for incubation?

A
  • Petri Plates (must be put UPSIDE DOWN with labels)

- Tubes of media (WRAPPED around BELOW the cap and label it)

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2
Q

Where are Cultures for inoculating lab exercises located?

A

on the side counters and must be put on test tube racks (COLOR CODED)

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3
Q

Where are the Stain Bottles located?

A

sinks

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4
Q

True or False. ALL staining must be done in the sink.

A

TRUE

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5
Q

What are 2 kinds of glass slides?

A
  • heat fixed and/or Stained slides (NOT CONTAMINATED)

- Wet-Mount Slides (CONTAMINATED)

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6
Q

What to do with broken glass?

A
  • if contaminated MUST tell instructor immediately

- it will be swept up or scooped up into a METAL CONTAINER for sterilization

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7
Q

Where do you throw away contaminated paper?

A

red/orange autocalve bags

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8
Q

What will happen to Discarded tubes of media?

A
  • all with be collected in baskets on the cart lab EXCEPT for broken glass.
  • all will include: finished results, mistakes, water blanks, agar deep tubes
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9
Q

What will happen to Discarded to Plastic Petri plates?

A

must be put in red/orange autocalve bags

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10
Q

Where are pipettes located?

A

round containers of pipette jars

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11
Q

What is a Culture?

A

the growth of bacteria or any other microorganisms for the purpose of study

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12
Q

What is a Culture Medium?

A
  • aka pl. media

- it is a mixture of nutrients that supports the growth of microorganisms

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13
Q

What is a Broth Medium?

A
  • liquid

- like soup

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14
Q

What is a Solid Medium?

A

it is the broth medium plus hagar

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15
Q

What is a Pure Culture?

A

one type of organism is present

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16
Q

What is an advantage of using a solid agar medium like an agar plate vs. a liquid broth medium?

A

you can see better with the agar plate

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17
Q

Which is better to use in growing cultures? Agar Slant or Agar Deep?

A

Agar Slant

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18
Q

Which container is best for growing bacteria that cannot tolerate air (oxygen)?

A

Screw Cap

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19
Q

What do we call kinds of bacteria that cannot tolerate air (oxygen)?

A

anaerobs

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20
Q

What would be a disadvantage of using the screw cap?

A

no GAS exchange

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21
Q

Which container would provide the most surface area for growing microorganisms

A

Petri Dish

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22
Q

Which container would you put a liquid broth medium?

A
  • screw cap
  • plastic closure
  • metal closure
  • nonabsorbent cotton
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23
Q

Which container would you put a solid medium?

A
  • screw cap
  • plastic closure
  • metal closure
  • nonabsorbent cotton
24
Q

How much does a Blow-out pipette measure?

A
  • each minor division is by .01 mL
  • each major division is by .1 mL
  • (so you will use this when you are trying to - transfer something that is .75mL)
25
Q

How much does a To-deliver pipette measure?

A
  • measure by most whole, halves or greater numbers

- (so you will use this when you are trying to transfer something that is 7.5mL)

26
Q

Why is it important to know which pipette to use?

A

for accuracy

27
Q

What is the Scanning lens?

A
  • the smallest lens

- 4x (x10)= 40x

28
Q

What is the Low Power Lens?

A
  • second to smallest lens

- 10x (x10)= 100x

29
Q

What is the High Power Lens?

A
  • medium lens

- 40x (x10)= 400x

30
Q

What is the Oil Lens?

A
  • largest lens

- 10x (x100)= 1000x

31
Q

What does grain tell us about bacteria ?

A
  1. Shape
  2. Arrangement
  3. To identify what is wrong or what to use to fix the problem
32
Q

What are 3 reasons why gram staining is important?

A
  1. To identify
  2. Source of contamination
  3. Antibiotics
33
Q

What are the steps to practicing Aseptic Techniques?

A 
flame entire loop 
cool 10 sec
pick up tube w/ other hand.
hold up in hand as loop using pinky finger
flam opening of tube for 2 secs
place loop into tube, then remove.
Flame opening of tube again. put cap on.
pick up second tube. 
repeat steps
Flame loop
34
Q

What are the steps to make a Smear?

A

obtain slide
wipe w/ tissue
label add drop of water
flame loop. cool for 10sec
gently remove some bacteria from surface of agar.
finish w/ tube and put back into rack.
touch water drop w/ loop and look if you can see bacteria in water, Stop
if you cannot see bacteria, touch again but stop when you see bacteria.
flame loll, cool 10 secs, then mix bacteria in water.
flame loop
dry slide on hot plate
heat fix by [passing slide thru flame 3x

35
Q

What does a Simple Stain tell us?

A

Shape and arrangement of bacteria

36
Q

What are the steps to make a Grain?

A
  1. crystal violet 1 min rinse with water
  2. iodine for 1 min rinse with water
  3. 95% alcohol
    for old baxter use 1-2 drops
    for young bacteria us 5-10 drops
    rise
  4. saffarin 1 min rinse with water
    blot dry
    then Examine with oil
37
Q

What is the color for positive stain?

A

PURPLE

38
Q

What is the color of a negative stain?

A

PINK or RED

39
Q

What are some problems with a gram stain?

A
  • smear too thick
  • old bacteria (old GR+ look GR- = gram variable)
  • Artifacts ( paper towel fibers, cv crystals, purple/blue stain droplets, agar)
40
Q

Why do we learn the aseptic techniques?

A

used to prevent contamination and promote the safe handling of microorganisms.

41
Q

What do simple stain allows us to see?

A

Morphology (rods, coccus, spiral) and arrangement (pairs, tetrads, chains, clusters)

42
Q

What does Gram stain tells you?

A

morphology and arrangement and cell wall structure ( Gram + or gram -)

43
Q

why do we use the acid- fast stain?

A

acid-fast stain is a differential stain used to detect cells capable of retaining a primary stain when treated with an acid alcohol.

44
Q

on what two organisms are Acid-fast stain used?

A

Myobacterium, tuberculosis

45
Q

What is the acid fast stain color?

A

Reddish-purple

46
Q

What is the nonacid-fast color?

A

green or the color of the counter-stain

47
Q

Why do we use endospore stains?

A

is a differential stain used to detect the PRESENCE and LOCATION of spores in bacterial cells

48
Q

what 2 organisms do you expect to find spores?

A

Bacillus and Clostridium

49
Q

what are the 2 different type of spores?

A
  1. internal(endospores)

2. external (free spores)

50
Q

what color is spore?

A

it is green and different from the cell color (safranin)

51
Q

what color is nonspore?

A

just safranin

52
Q

what is a primary stain?

A

crystal violet

53
Q

what is Iodine used for?

A

a mordant

54
Q

gram negative

A

is a counter stain by the safranin

55
Q

What are the procedure for Spore Stain?

A
  1. Begin with a heat-fixed
  2. cover the smear with paper. apply malachite green stain sponge onto the smear. place on staining hot plate
  3. allow stain to sit for 5 mins
  4. remove paper and rinse with water
  5. counter-stain with Safranin stain for 1 min then rinse with water.
  6. Blot dry
56
Q

What are the procedure for acid-fast stain?

A
  1. put heat fixed smear onto “staining hot plate”
  2. use tongs to place a sponge saturated with stain on to smear. (Kinyoung carbolfuchsin stain)
  3. allow stain to sit for 5 mins
  4. remove paper and rinse with water
  5. decolorize with acid-alcohol then rinse with water
  6. counterstain with Meythane blue for 1 min
  7. rinse with water and blot dry

Microbiology (11 decks)

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