lab prac two Flashcards
four obstacles to successful adaptation to terrestrial environments
dessication, water consumption, reproduction, and gravity
prevention from drying out
adaptation to desiccation
intake and movement of water throughout the plant
adaptation to water consumption
transport of gametes without the use of an aquatic medium and protection of the zygote and growing embryo (usually defenseless)
adaptation to reproduction
maintaining an upright position without the support of buoyancy forces in water
adaptation to gravity
what does the alternation of generations refer to
refers to alternating haploid and diploid plant bodies
the gametophyte is ______ and it produces haploid _______
haploid; gametes
the sporophyte is _______ and it produces haploid _______
diploid; spores
a nonvascular plant body is called ______ and the root-like appendages are called _______
thallus; rhizoids
the _________ is the stem and leaf-like structure of moss (bottom of the plant) and the _________ is the stalk and capsule (bulb) part of the moss (top of the plant)
gametophyte; sporophyte
in moss, the ________ is where the egg cell is made (so when you see a thick-like thing with a dot in the middle that is an ________ with an egg cell inside)
archegonia
in moss, the _______ is a bean-shaped structure containing multiple sperm cells
antheridia
liverworts are a seedless nonvascular plant that conducts ________ reproduction called _______
asexual; gemmae
______ are buds of gametophyte tissue that develop from a cup-like structure called ________ _____
gemmae; gemmae cups
what plant body exhibits dichotomous branching (divides into two equal branches)
thallus
what are the three major phyla of seedless nonvascular plants
marchantiophyta (liverworts), bryophyta (mosses), and anthocerotophyta (hornworts)
what are the two phyla of seedless vascular plants
lycophyta (club moss) and pteridophyta (whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns)
how do lycopodium (club mosses) reproduce and are they homo- or heterosporous
they produce spores that will grow into new gametophyte plants that are very small and structured the same as in other seedless plants (homosporous)
how do selaginella (whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns) reproduce and are they homo- or heterosporous
microspores are released and develop directly into motile sperm, the megaspores are released and produce a female gametophyte (with archegonia all within the spore case of previous gen.)
