lab prac two Flashcards

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1
Q

four obstacles to successful adaptation to terrestrial environments

A

dessication, water consumption, reproduction, and gravity

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2
Q

prevention from drying out

A

adaptation to desiccation

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3
Q

intake and movement of water throughout the plant

A

adaptation to water consumption

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4
Q

transport of gametes without the use of an aquatic medium and protection of the zygote and growing embryo (usually defenseless)

A

adaptation to reproduction

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5
Q

maintaining an upright position without the support of buoyancy forces in water

A

adaptation to gravity

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6
Q

what does the alternation of generations refer to

A

refers to alternating haploid and diploid plant bodies

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7
Q

the gametophyte is ______ and it produces haploid _______

A

haploid; gametes

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8
Q

the sporophyte is _______ and it produces haploid _______

A

diploid; spores

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9
Q

a nonvascular plant body is called ______ and the root-like appendages are called _______

A

thallus; rhizoids

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10
Q

the _________ is the stem and leaf-like structure of moss (bottom of the plant) and the _________ is the stalk and capsule (bulb) part of the moss (top of the plant)

A

gametophyte; sporophyte

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11
Q

in moss, the ________ is where the egg cell is made (so when you see a thick-like thing with a dot in the middle that is an ________ with an egg cell inside)

A

archegonia

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12
Q

in moss, the _______ is a bean-shaped structure containing multiple sperm cells

A

antheridia

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13
Q

liverworts are a seedless nonvascular plant that conducts ________ reproduction called _______

A

asexual; gemmae

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14
Q

______ are buds of gametophyte tissue that develop from a cup-like structure called ________ _____

A

gemmae; gemmae cups

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15
Q

what plant body exhibits dichotomous branching (divides into two equal branches)

A

thallus

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16
Q

what are the three major phyla of seedless nonvascular plants

A

marchantiophyta (liverworts), bryophyta (mosses), and anthocerotophyta (hornworts)

17
Q

what are the two phyla of seedless vascular plants

A

lycophyta (club moss) and pteridophyta (whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns)

18
Q

how do lycopodium (club mosses) reproduce and are they homo- or heterosporous

A

they produce spores that will grow into new gametophyte plants that are very small and structured the same as in other seedless plants (homosporous)

19
Q

how do selaginella (whisk ferns, horsetails, and ferns) reproduce and are they homo- or heterosporous

A

microspores are released and develop directly into motile sperm, the megaspores are released and produce a female gametophyte (with archegonia all within the spore case of previous gen.)