[LAB] LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL MICROSCOPY Flashcards
Agency tasked with the enforcement of safety and health legislation
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Agency that publishes numerous safety standards
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Infectious agents
Biologic
Bacterial, fungal, viral or parasitic infections
Biologic
Needles, lancets, broken glass
Sharps
Cuts, punctures or bloodborne pathogen exposure
Sharps
Preservatives and reagents
Chemical
Exposure to toxic, carcinogenic or caustic agents
Chemical
Equipment and radioisotopes
Radioactive
Radiation exposure
Radioactive
Ungrounded or wet equipment, frayed cords
Electrical
Burns or shock
Electrical
Open flames, organic chemicals
Fire/Explosive
Burns or dismemberment
Fire/Explosive
Wet floors, heavy boxes, patients
Physical
Falls, sprains or strains
Physical
Most direct contact with infection source:
contact with patient specimens
has to be complete in order for an infection to occur
Chain of infection
is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
Handwashing
Guidelines to Prevent and Mitigate Exposure to Biological Hazards
a. Universal Precautions
b. Body Substance Isolation
c. Standard Precautions
All patients are considered possible carries of blood-borne pathogens
Universal Precautions
Excludes urine and body fluids not visibly contaminated with blood
Universal Precautions
Not limited to blood-borne pathogens
Body Substance Isolation
Requires following precautionary measures and wearing of gloves when handling moist body substances
Body Substance Isolation
Does not recommend handwashing after removal of gloves unless there is visible contamination
Body Substance Isolation
Combination of Universal Precautions and Body Substance Isolation
Standard Precautions
Recommends guidelines that are being followed in laboratories today
Standard Precautions
should be disposed in containers with the biohazard symbol decontamination of biological wastes may be performed via incineration, autoclaving or pick-up by a certified hazardous waste company
Biological Wastes
is discarded by pouring in laboratory sink and the empty container is disposed as non-biological hazardous waste
Urine
May cause physical injury and present a serious biological hazard for the transmission of bloodborne pathogens
SHARP HAZARDS
should be discarded in puncture-resistant containers with the biohazard symbol
Sharps
Every (?) in the laboratory should be presumed hazardous
chemical
Chemical Labeling
Hazardous chemical labels:
poisonous, corrosive, carcinogenic
: Standard System for the Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials
MNFPA 704
Brought about by the use of radioisotopes in certain laboratory procedures
RADIOACTIVE HAZARDS
Effects are cumulative and personnel are required to wear measuring devices to determine their exposure to radioactivity
RADIOACTIVE HAZARDS
Precautions should be observed when working with electrical equipment in the laboratory
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Designated hospital personnel should monitor electrical equipment closely
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
FIRE/EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS
Healthcare institutions should have post-evacuation routes and detailed plans as required by
JCAHO (Joint Commission in Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations)
Ordinary combustible materials
Class A
Water, dry chemical, foam, loaded steam
Class A
Flammable organic chemicals
Class B
Dry chemical, CO2, loaded steam, halon
Class B
Electrical
Class C
Dry chemical, CO2, halon
Class C
Combustible metals
Class D
Sand or dry powder
Class D
Grease, oil, fats
Class K
Liquids designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire
Class K
General precautions to consider are to avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry and maintain a clean, organized work area
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Wear closed-toes shoes that provide maximum support for safety and comfort
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
