Lab III - Kingdoms Bacteria, Protista, and Fungi

Question 1

Prokaryotic

Answer 1

A cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
o-Includes Bacteria and Archaea

Question 2

Eukaryotic

Answer 2

An organism whose cells have nuclei and other membrane-enclosed organelles.
o-Includes Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals

Question 3

Binary fission

Answer 3

Equal division of a prokaryotic cell into two. A type of asexual reproduction.

Question 4

Heterotrophic

Answer 4

Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot synthesize its own food from inorganic raw materials and therefore must obtain energy and body-building materials from other organisms.

Question 5

Autotrophic

Answer 5

Autotrophs are organisms that synthesize complex organic compounds from simple inorganic raw materials.

Question 6

Cilia

Answer 6

Short, hairlike structures that project from the surface of some eukaryotic cells and are used for locomotion or movement of materials across the cell surface.
o-Cilium/Cilia

Question 7

Oral groove

Answer 7

In Paramecium [Alveolates] - A specialized feeding area that collects food particles such as bacteria and deposits them into food vacuoles.

Question 8

Flagellum

Answer 8

Prokaryote flagella are filaments rotated by special structures located in the plasma membrane and cell wall.

Question 9

Eyespot

Answer 9

In Euglena [Euglenoids] - A light-sensitive spot consisting of pigmented granules in the reservoir region.

Question 10

Chloroplasts

Answer 10

Membranous organelles that are the sites of photosynthesis in Eukaryotes.
o-Occur in some plants and algal cells.

Question 11

Mycorrhizae

Answer 11

Mutualistic associations of fungi and plant roots that aid in the plant’s absorption of essential minerals from the soil.

Question 12

Hyphae

Answer 12

Threadlike filaments composing the mycelium of a water mold or fungus.

Question 13

Mycelium

Answer 13

The vegetative body of most fungi and certain protists (water molds); consists of a branched network of hyphae.

Question 14

Spore

Answer 14

A reproductive cell that gives rise to individual offspring in plants, fungi, and certain algae and protozoa.

Question 15

Zygospore

Answer 15

A sexual spore produced by a zygomycete.

o-Zygomycete- Fungi characterized by the production of nonmotile asexual spores and sexual zygospores.

Question 16

Sporangium

Answer 16

A spore case, found in plants, certain protists and fungi.

Question 17

Dikaryotic

Answer 17

Condition of having two nuclei per cell (n+n), a characteristic of certain fungal hyphae.

Question 18

Basidium

Answer 18

The club-like spore-producing organ of basidiomycetes that bears sexual spores called basidiospores.
o-Basidiomycete- Member of a phylum of fungi characterized by the production of sexual basidiospores.
o-Basidiospore-One of a set of sexual spores, usually four, borne on a basidium of a basidiomycete.