Lab final Flashcards
What are some of the most common types of bacteria?
bacillus, spherical (cocci), helical or curved
cococ bacilus
rod (bacilus)
staphylococci
streptococci
what are the common types of plating?
streak plate and pour plate
what is the primary stain in gram staining?
crystal violet
What is the mordant in graim staining?
iodine
what is the decolorizer in gram staining?
alcohol
what is the counter strain in gram staining?
safranin
what causes the staining in gram staining?
gram positive has a thicker wall of peptiloglycan
What result is this picture (gram stain)?
gram negative
what result is this gram stain?
gram positive
what species make endospores?
bacillus and clastridia
what is exosporium?
protective coating of endospore
where can endospores be made?
autoclave
what is mycolic acid?
protective coating on some bacteria like leprosy and tuberculosis
what is the primary stain in acid-fast?
carbolfuchsin
what do cells that are acid fast look like?
dark red
what colour is non-acid fast stain?
blue
what is motility determined by?
flagella
what is chemotaxis?
causes organism with flagella to move due to danger
what kind of rings does gram positive flagella have?
S and M rings
how can motility be determined?
by a wet mount test or hanging drop method
what is a psycrophile?
growth between -5 and 20.
supercool
what is a mesophile?
optimal growth between 50 and 20
what is a thermophile?
50 to 80
what is a hyperhermophile?
What is hypotonic?
outside is lower
what is hypertonic?
greater outside
what is a halotolerant organism?
tolerates salt like staph
what is the difference between antimicrobials and antibiotics?
antibiotics kill or inhibit as well as antimicrobials
filiform
beaded
echinulate
effuse
arborescent
ring
pellice
flocculent
f
what is a negative result of glucose?
green in both tubes
what kind of result is this in glucose test?
fermentative and oxidative
what is this result in a glucose test?
oxidative
what results does this show in a durham sugar tube?
positive and negative
what kind of results does this show for methyl red test?
positive and negative
what is the VP test results shown?
positive and negative
what does the methyl red test show?
shows mixed acid fermentation
what does the durham sugar test show?
fermentation of sugars
what does the VP test show?
ferment gucoe to make limited amounts of organic acids and butanadiol
what does the citrate test show?
citrate as a carbon source
is this a positive or nagtive citrate result?
positive blue
what is the results seen for the oxidative test?
purpose positive
what does the oxidative test show?
whether it can survive in an environment of oxygen
what result is this in starch hydrolysis?
clear zone is positive for strach hydrolysis
which is a positive result for casein hydrolysis?
clear zone on right indicates casein hydrolysis
what does casein hydrolysis mean?
means that bacteria makes protealase
which result if positive for fat hydrolysis?
dark blue pigmentation on left
which of the following is positive tryptone hydrolysis?
the one wth the red ring at top
what does tryptone degradation show?
that it degrades tryptophan to pyruvate
what does a positive urease test look like?
pink tube
what is the purpose of the urea test?
presence of urease
what does kiglers iron agar do?
shows the fermenation of lactose and glucose
what does this result show in kigler’s iron agar?
alkaline no change
what does this result in kigler’s iron agar show?
hydrogren sulfide profuction
what does this result in kigler’s iron agar show?
acid/acid with gas
what does this result for kigler’s iron agar show?
alkaline and alkaline
what does this result show in SIM medium?
hydrogen sulfide production
what does this result show in SI medium?
indole production
what are the results shown in this litmus milk test?
alkaline , acid, peptonization, coagulation
what do the different litmus milk tests show?
alkaline- release of ammonia
acid- ferments milk sugar
peptonization- proteolytic that degrade protein
what are the two types of hemolysis?
alpha and beta
what does beta hemolysis look like?
clear zone with no red blood cells
what color is a positive bile esculin test?
black
