Lab Exam Flashcards
Who is the father of modern histology?
Xavier Bichat
What is tissue doctrin
A principle by which it is the structure of the organ that leads to its function
What is most useful about paraffin sectioning?
It allows samples to be handled at room temp (other than frozen)
Hematoxylin stains..
Acidic structures, like nucleic acids, nuclei and RER BLUE
Eosin stains…
Basic structures, proteins and membranes PINK
Why is the posterior pituitary more pink than the anterior
Because it is mostly made of axon terminals, not nuclei, so it stains with eosin
What are acidophils that stain pink with H&E
Somatotrophs and lactotrophs
What are basophils that stain blue/purple with H&E
Corticotrophs, thyrotrophs and gonadotrophs
What is trabeculae
Connective tissue that extends inwards from capsule in thyroid
Follicular cells produce…
Thyroid hormone
Parafollicular cells produce…
Calcitonin
How do you identify a parafollicular cell
Large nucleated cell outside the regular boundary of the follicular cell
Where are the parathyroid glands located
On the four poles on the backside of the thyroid
What cells make up the parathyroid
Chief cells, oxyphil cells and adipose cells
What does parathyroid produce
Parathyroid hormone
How do you identify a oxyphil cell
Dark nuclei and strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm
The adrenal medulla is more…
Neuronal (therefore stains more blue/purple)
Cells of the zona glomerulosa secrete…
Aldosterone
Cells of the zona fasciculata secrete…
Cortisol
Cells of the zona reticularis secrete…
DHEA and androstenedione (precursors of testosterone)
What cells are found in the adrenal medulla
Chromaffin cells
What are chromaffin cells
Modified postganglionic sympathetic neurons
What do chromaffin cells secrete
Catecholamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
What stain is used on the pancreas
Gomori’s stain
Beta cells stain…
Blue
Alpha cells stain…
Pink
What is aldehyde fuchsin stain
It stains beta cells of islet dark purple, the exocrine pancreas remains reddish-orange
