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Anatomy > Lab Exam 2 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the Head

A 
Occipitofrontalis
Obicularis oculi
Obicularis Oris
Temporalis
Buccinator
Masseter
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2
Q

Forearm anterior

A

Flexor Retinaculum (ct band on wrist)
Flexor Carpi Radialis (acts on ct band, next to brachioradialis)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (acts on ct band, medial)
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (intermediate)
Flexor Digitorum Profundus (deep)

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3
Q

Forearm posterior superficial

A 
Extensor carpi radialis (starts from elbow and extends along medial aspect of forearm [supine])
Extensor digitorum (medial center, superficial)
Extensor carpi ulnaris (lateral center, superficial)
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4
Q

Forearm posterior deep

A

abductor pollicis longus (more medial [supine])

extensor pollicis longus

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5
Q

Medial Compartment of the Thigh

A

Gracilis (long, straplike, not to be confused with lateral tensor fasciae latae)
Adductors (group of 3)

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6
Q

Anterior Compartment of the Thigh

A

Sartorius (extends from ilium to the tibia, crossing two joints)
Quadriceps femoris:
- Rectus Femoris (superficial middle)
-Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius (deep middle)

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7
Q

Posterior Compartment of the Thigh

A

Biceps Femoris (lateral center)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus (most lateral of hamstring group)
Popliteus is behind the knee

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8
Q

Lateral Compartment of the Thigh

A 
Tensor Fasciae Latae (originates on ilium and inserts on...) 
iliotibial tract (connective tissue)
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9
Q

Lower Leg anterior

A 
(move the foot upwards) 
Tibialis Anterior (central, shin) 
Extensor digitorum longus (lateral and slightly deep to above) 
Extensor Hallucis longus (deep to both)
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10
Q

Lower Leg posterior

A

Gastrocnemius (superficial)
Soleus (fish filet, deep to above)
Achilles Tendon

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11
Q

Lower Leg lateral

A 
Fibularis Longus (superficial) 
Fibularis Brevis
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12
Q

Tongue Muscles

A

Genioglossus (deep from chin to tongue)

Hyoglossus (sheet from side of hyoid)

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13
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Geniohyoid (most medial, not needed for donor)
Stylohyoid (most lateral)
Digastric (split by stylohyoid)
Myohyoid (deep sheet)

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14
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid (most medial)
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid

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15
Q

Muscles of the trunk

A

Trapezius (occipital bone and spine to spine of scapula and the clavicle)
Latissimus Dorsi (triangular, inferior to trapezius, originates for lower half of spine)
Levator scapulae (deep to trapezius and originates from first four vertebrae)
Rhomboid (deep to trapezius, extends from vertebrae to vertebral border of scapula)

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16
Q

Muscles of vertebral column

A 
Errector Spinae (deep to latissimus dorsi, parallel to spine)
Splenius (articulate from back of head and to upper thoracic vertebrae)
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17
Q

Muscles of Thorax

A

Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor (3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs to coracoid process)
serratus anterior

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18
Q

Deep thorax muscles

A

External / Internal intercostals (between ribs)
Scalenes (insert on first and second ribs)
diaphragm (dome)

19
Q

Abdomen

A 
Rectus abdominis (six pack)
Transversus abdominis (horizontal) 
External / internal oblique 
Quadratus Lumborum (from iliac crest to upper lumbar and 12th rib)
20
Q

Acting on the arm from scapula

A

Deltoid (triangular, top of arm)
Coracobrachialis (inserts medially)
Teres Major (inferior border of scapula, inserts on lesser tubercle)

21
Q

Acting on arm from scapula (rotator cuff)

A

subscapularis
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor (inserts on greater tubercle)

22
Q

Muscles acting on scapula

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis (lateral to biceps brachii)
Triceps brachii

23
Q

Muscles primarily or entirely in forearm

A

Brachioradialis (most visible on forearm flex)
Supinator (deep, wide)
Pronator Teres (deep, slashes across)
Pronator Quadratus (donors only, band across wrist posterior)

24
Q

Intrinsic Hand Muscles

A

Thenar (act on thumb from base)
Hypothenar (act on pinky from base)
intermediate group:
lumbricals (four, wormlike, in palm and deep to tendons)
palmar interossei (three, deep to lumbricals)
dorsal interossei (four, posterior side)

25
Q

Thigh Flexors

A

psoas

iliacus (extend from inferior aspect of iliac crest)

26
Q

Thigh Extensors

A

Gluteus Maximus and medius

Adductors

27
Q

Lower Leg Deep

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus (Medial)
Tibilais Posterior
Flexor Hallucis Longus (Lateral)
All are deep and insert into flexor retinaculum (ankle ct band)

28
Q

Donor foot

A

Plantar Aponeurosis

29
Q

Histology (muscle types)

A 
Smooth Muscle (bacon)
Cardiac Muscle (intercalated disks [bamboo])
Skeletal Muscle (large cylinders with longitudinally cut muscle fibers)
30
Q

Muscle Histology Components

A

Skeletal muscle fibers
nuclei
striations

31
Q

Sarcomere

A 
Sarcomere
Z line
I band
A band
H zone (around M line)
32
Q

Meninges

A 
Dura mater (outer)
Arachnoid mater (middle layer)
33
Q

Blood supply to brain

A

vertebral arteries (tail)
basilar artery (body)
circle of willis
dural venous sinuses (located within dura mater)

34
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Also has dura mater
Dorsal roots (tube coming off spinal cord)
Dorsal root ganglion (bulb / swelling on root)
Conus Medularis (cone shaped portion of cord)
Cauda Equina

35
Q

Spinal cord cross section

A

Dura mater is close to bone around cord
Horns are in the matter while the roots go out
Posterior horn (dorsal) (if the grey matter connects, it is the posterior side)
Anterior horn (ventral)
Posterior root (dorsal)
Anterior root (ventral)
Spinal nerve is where the roots unite

36
Q

The brain

A

cerebrum (right / left cerebral hemisphere)
cortex (outer layer)
parietal, occipital, temporal, frontal lobe

37
Q

Primary structures of CNS

A

Cerebrum (Primary)
Cerebellum (nob)
Spinal Cord

38
Q

Groovy

A 
Longitudinal fissure (split the hemispheres)
Lateral sulcus (separate temporal and parietal lobes)
39
Q

Brain Features

A

Olfactory Tract / bulb
corpus callosum
lateral ventricles
septum pellucidum

40
Q

Diencephalon

A 
Pineal gland
pituitary gland
optic chiams / tracts
third ventricle
thalamus
hypothalamus
41
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Cerebral peduncles
superior / inferior colliculi
cerebral aqueduct

42
Q

Brainstem

A

Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla oblongata

43
Q

Pons

A

middle cerebellar peduncles

fourth ventricle

44
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

pyramids

fourth ventricle

Anatomy (18 decks)

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