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Microbiology > Lab Exam 2 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Capsule stain dyes

A

congo red
carbol fuchsin
acid alcohol

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2
Q

Congo red dye

A

is a negative stain, dyes the background

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3
Q

Carbol fuchsin

A

penetrates through the capsule and stains the cell red, sample is steamed during application

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4
Q

Acid alcohol

A

Capsule stain: lowers the pH and causes congo red to change from red to blue
Acid fast stain: dissolves the membrane of non acid fast cells

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5
Q

Capsule stain

A

the capsule is left unstained because it is nonionic, cell=red, capsule=clear/white, background=blue, air dry smear-heat will shrink cell showing a false positive

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6
Q

Cellular capsule

A

poly saccharide layer around the cell, has no charge, an acidic dye stains the background, a basic dye stains the cell, protects from dessication, often seen in older cells

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7
Q

Endospore stain

A

gram stain makes spores clear, after steaming, malachite green dyes them green, then safranin dyes the cytoplasm red

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8
Q

Endospore dyes

A

Gram stain reagents
Malachite green
Safranin

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9
Q

Malachite green

A

dyes the endospore green, must steam sample durring application

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10
Q

Safranin

A

counterstains cytoplasm red in endospore stain, cool sample after malachite green application, then apply safranin

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11
Q

Acid fast stain dyes

A

gram stain reagents
carbol fuchsin
acid alcohol
methylene blue

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12
Q

Mathylene blue

A

counter stains non acid fast bacteria because their membrane was dissolved by the alcohol in the acid fast stain

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13
Q

Acid fast bacteria

A

red in color
TB is acid fast
resistant to many drugs

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14
Q

Non-acid fast bacteria

A

blue in color

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15
Q

E. coli

A

G-
Can be F+ or F-
Preforms conjuguation

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16
Q

Bacillus subtilis

A

G+
has endospores
obligate aerobe

17
Q

Klebsiella

A

G-

positive capsule stain

18
Q

Mycobacterium

A

G+ but stain G- because they do not have an outer cell membrane
Is acid fast, has complex fatty acids outside the peptidoglycan layer

19
Q

Clostridium

A

G+
Has endospores
obligate anaerobe

20
Q

Sporulation

A

asexual reproduction by production and release of endospores

21
Q

Germination

A

the breaking of spores dormant stage by swelling and rupture of spore coat, loss of spore contents and increase in metabolic antivity

22
Q

Endospore occurance

A

usually occur in G+ bacteria

23
Q

Isolation techniques

A 
serial dilution
streak plate
pour plate
enrichment culture
selective media
differential media
24
Q

Pour plate

A

diluted culture poured onto solid media

25
Q

Conjugation

A

transfer of genetic material by direct contact, F+ attaches to F- using pilli and transfers to F-

Microbiology (6 decks)

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