lab exam

Question 1

what is a dependent variable

Answer 1

what you are measuring. It depends on the reaction or the test

Question 2

what is an independent variable

Answer 2

what you are testing or what you are in control of or what you manipulate.

Question 3

what is a hypothesis

Answer 3

never a question, statement , not proven true, supports the test

Question 4

null hypothesis

Answer 4

represents a theory that has been put forward, either because it is believed to be true or because it is to be used as. basis for argument , but has not been proven.

Question 5

alternate hypothesis

Answer 5

is a statement of what a statistical hypothesis test is set up to establish.

Question 6

scientific method

Answer 6

1. the observation and question
2. the hypothesis
   3.experimentation and data collection
3. results and data analysis
4. conclusions

Question 7

publishing and peer review process

Answer 7

1. get an education
   2.condunct research
2. write it up
   4.submit to a journal
   5.first check
3. peer review
4. first decision
5. revise
6. re-submit
7. accepted
   after published
   citation

Question 8

benedict’s test for what and what color

Answer 8

monosaccharides and rust red

Question 9

Iodine indicator tests for what and what color do they turn

Answer 9

polysaccharides( starches) and dark blue

Question 10

biuret’s reagent tests for what and what color does it turn

Answer 10

proteins and it turns blue-> violet

Question 11

sudan IV tests for what and what color does it change

Answer 11

lipids and it turns red

Question 12

what is the difference of DNA and RNA

Answer 12

RNA- ribonucleic acid and uricle
DNA - deoxyribose and thymine

Question 13

protein is what

Answer 13

genes code forc, forming of amino acids are peptide

Question 14

cell theory

Answer 14

.every organism is made up of at least one cell
. a cell is the basic unit of life
.cells are produced by division of pre-existing cells

Question 15

prokaryotic cells

Answer 15

. lack membrane bound organelles and nucleus
. relatively simple interior structure
. region of DNA ( nucleoid ) instead of a nucleus
. DNA single circular molecule

Question 16

different types of prokaryotes

Answer 16

bacteria-
.coccus ( round / spherical shape)
. bacillus (rod- shaped)
.spirillum ( corkscrew/ spiral shape )
, archaea, cyanobacteria

Question 17

eukaryotic cells

Answer 17

. endomembrane system and membrane- bound organelles
. complex interior structure
.DNA in nucleus
. DNA in chromatin
. large ribosomes
. reproduce by mitosis and meiosis
.larger cells

Question 18

types of eukaryotes

Answer 18

.protists
. fungi
.plants
.animals

Question 19

surface area in diffusion does what

Answer 19

can either decrease or increase depending on the surface area

Question 20

permeable and semi permeable

Answer 20

semi permeable is when only few things are allowed in normally coded for the cell. and permeable is when everything is allowed in.

Question 21

what is osmosis

Answer 21

osmosis is when water moves across the cell membrane by diffusion

Question 22

peroxidase experiment

Answer 22

guaiacol is a color changing indicator that becomes more yellow-orange as the enzyme reaction progresses

Question 23

what enzyme was used in the experiment

Answer 23

peroxidase

Question 24

enzymes function as biological —–

Answer 24

catalysts

Question 25

activation energy

Answer 25

the minimum amount of energy needed for the reaction to proceed

Question 26

describe the function of an enzyme

Answer 26

lowering activation energy

Question 27

what is an example of a high energy molecule that is converted into a smaller energy packets

Answer 27

glucose —- ATP

Question 28

Aerobic

Answer 28

respiration occurs when oxygen is present . much more energy efficient and occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes

Question 29

anaerobic

Answer 29

respiration occurs in absence of oxygen; much less energy-efficient

Question 30

what is the difference in the absence of oxygen in prokaryotes and animals

Answer 30

prokaryotes do fermentation and animals do lactic acid production.

Question 31

in the cellular respiration lab we did what

Answer 31

measured the amount of co2 produced during fermentation