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Anatomy exam #1 study > Lab Exam #1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is Simple Squamous Epithelium’s location?

A

Lining blood vessels

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2
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium Characteristics…

A

Single row of thin, flat cells

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3
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium Function

A

Secretes Serous Fluid

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4
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Location…

A

Liver or thyroid

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5
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium functions…

A

absorption and secretion, mucus production

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6
Q

Simple cuboidal Epithelium Characteristics…

A

Single row of cube-shaped cells

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7
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium location…

A

Lining of GI tract or uterus

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8
Q

Simple Columnar Characteristics…

A

Single row of tall, narrow cells often with microvilli.

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9
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium function…

A

absorption and secretion

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10
Q

Pseudostratified Epithelium Location

A

Portions of male urethra, Respiratory Tract from nasal cavity to bronchi.

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11
Q

Pseudostratified Epithelium Characteristics…

A

Single row of ciliated cells, some not reaching free surface.

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11
Q

Pseudostratified Epithelium Function…

A

Secretion and propels substances

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11
Q

Stratified Squamous- Keratinized location…

A

Skin

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12
Q

Stratified Squamous Keratinized Function…

A

Protects against physical and chemical stress

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13
Q

Stratified Squamous- keratinized characteristics…

A

Multilayered Epithelium covered with dead squamous cells, packed with keratin.

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14
Q

Stratified squamous- nonkeratinized location

A

tongue or vagina

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15
Q

Stratified squamous- nonkeratinized Characteristics…

A

Multilayered epithelium that lacks keratinized layer, it forms a moist, slippery layer.

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16
Q

Stratified squamous- nonkeratinized function…

A

Protects against physical and chemical stress.

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17
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium Location…

A

Sweat glands or ovary

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18
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium function…

A

Secretion.

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19
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium characteristics…

A

Two or more cell layers, apical surface cells cube-shaped.

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20
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium location…

A

salivary gland ducts or anus

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21
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium function…

A

Protection and lines excretory ducts

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22
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium characteristics…

A

Two cell layers, deep cells

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23
Q

Transitional epithelium location…

A

Umbilical cord or ureters.

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24
Q

Transitional epithelium function

A

protects the urinary bladder, allows stretching and recoil without damage.

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25
Q

Transitional Epithelium characteristics

A

Multilayered epithelium cells

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26
Q

3 fiber types

A

Collagen, reticular, and elastic

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27
Q

3 classes of ground substance

A

GAG, proteoglycan, and adhesive glycoproteins

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28
Q

Fibrous loose Areolar c.t. location…

A

surrounds nerves and blood vessels

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29
Q

Fibrous loose Areolar c.t. characteristics…

A

Loosely disorganized fibers, lots of empty space.

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30
Q

Fibrous loose Areolar c.t. function…

A

Bind epithelium to deep tissue.

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31
Q

Fibrous loose reticular c.t. location…

A

inside organs or spleen

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32
Q

Fibrous loose reticular c.t. characteristics…

A

mesh of fibers or fibroblasts, hypercellular.

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33
Q

Fibrous loose reticular c.t. function…

A

support for lymphatic organs.

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34
Q

Fibrous loose adipose c.t. location…

A

breasts or surrounding organs.

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35
Q

Fibrous loose adipose c.t. characteristics…

A

yellow, rounded droplets

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36
Q

Fibrous loose adipose c.t. function…

A

Energy storage or body shaping

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37
Q

Fibrous dense regular c.t. location…

A

tendons and ligaments

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38
Q

fibrous dense regular c.t. characteristics…

A

closely packed with little to no open space.

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39
Q

Fibrous dense regular c.t. function…

A

Withstand predictable stress or bind muscles to bone.

40
Q

Fibrous dense irregular c.t. location…

A

spleen or palm of hands.

41
Q

fibrous dense irregular c.t. characteristics…

A

collagen bundles disorganized, thick collagen bundles.

42
Q

fibrous dense irregular c.t function…

A

withstand unpredictable stress

43
Q

Hyaline cartilage c.t. location…

A

nose tip. rings in the trachea and bronchi.

44
Q

Hyaline cartilage c.t. characteristics…

A

invisible collagen fibers, clear.

45
Q

Hyaline cartilage c.t. function…

A

growth of long bones.

46
Q

Elastic cartilage c.t. location…

A

External ear

47
Q

Elastic cartilage c.t. characteristics…

A

visible elastic fibers

48
Q

Elastic cartilage c.t. function

A

flexible, elastic support.

49
Q

Fibrocartilage c.t. location…

A

intervertebral discs

50
Q

fibrocartilage c.t. characteristics…

A

large collagen bundles, nuclei are slightly lined up.

51
Q

Fibrocartilage c.t. function…

A

resists compression

52
Q

bone c.t. location…

A

Skeletal system.

53
Q

Bone c.t. characteristics…

A

no visible space, innervated

54
Q

bone c.t. function…

A

body support, muscle leverage

55
Q

Blood: fluid c.t. location…

A

within blood vessels

56
Q

Blood: fluid c.t. ground substance…

A

plasma, cell fragments.

57
Q

Blood; fluid c.t. function…

A

transport cells and dissolved matter

58
Q

Skeletal muscle location…

A

most attached to bone. Exceptions: tongue, esophagus

59
Q

Skeletal muscle characteristics…

A

striated

60
Q

Skeletal muscle cells

A

Muscle fibers, long, cylindrical cells

61
Q

Skeletal muscle nucleus…

A

multi-nucleated, on edge of cell.

62
Q

smooth muscle characteristics…

A

non-striated

63
Q

smooth muscle cells…

A

Fusiform shape, thick in middle and tapering.

64
Q

smooth muscle location…

A

Visceral muscle.

65
Q

Smooth muscle nucleus…

A

one, central nucleus

66
Q

Cardiac muscle location…

A

Heart only

67
Q

Cardiac Muscle characteristics…

A

striated

68
Q

Cardiac Muscle nucleus…

A

1 central nucleus

69
Q

Cardiac muscle cells…

A

Cardiocytes or cardiomyocytes. intercalated discs:join cells end to end.

70
Q

cell types of nervous tissue

A

nuerons and neuroglia

71
Q

gray matter contains…

A

nerve cell bodies

72
Q

Cell division

A

a biological process that occurs when a parent cell divides to create new daughter cells

73
Q

Mitosis

A

a process that occurs when a parent cell divides to create two identical daughter cells

74
Q

Apoptosis

A

a programmed cell death process that occurs during normal development and in response to stimuli.

75
Q

5 triggers for cell division

A

-growth of cytoplasm
-well nourished
-DNA replicated
-growth factor stimulation
-death of nearby cells

76
Q

Stages of mitosis…

A

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

77
Q

Stem cells are…

A

unspecialized cells that produce new cells

78
Q

Differentiation results from

A

inactivation of partical genes.

79
Q

Differentiated cells form

A

tissues

80
Q

Cancer =

A

abnormal cell division (produces tumors)

81
Q

Cancer cells disrupt and displace

A

healthy tissues, divert nutrients.

82
Q

Cancer: natural human defenses

A

-cells that neutralize mutagens
-cells that destroy tumors
-your brain

83
Q

Medial

A

towards midline

84
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

85
Q

Proximal

A

towards the trunk

86
Q

Distal

A

away from the trunk

87
Q

intermediate

A

something between two structures.

88
Q
A
89
Q

intercalated discs only found in

A

cardiac muscle

90
Q

cells found in cartilage tissue

A

chodrocytes

91
Q

chondrocytes live in

A

lacunae( dark purple area around cartilage)

92
Q

red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

93
Q

darker cells in blood connective tissue are

A

leukocytes

94
Q

small dots in blood c.t is

A

platelets

95
Q

background substance in blood c.t.

A

plasma

96
Q

cells in adipose c.t.

A

adipocytes

97
Q

four classifications of c.t.

A

connective tissue proper
cartilage
bone
blood

98
Q

proteoglycan helps

A

hold tissue together

99
Q

Glycosaminoglycan help

A

give cushion to c.t.

Anatomy exam #1 study (3 decks)

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