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Temple A&P > Lab: Endocrine System > Flashcards

Lab: Endocrine System Flashcards

0
Q

Aldosterone

A

adrenal cortex
zona glomerulosa

type of mineralcorticoid
water and electrolyte balance

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1
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

anterior pituitary gland

type of corticotrope
controls hormone production in adrenal cortex

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2
Q 
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
(vasopressin)
A

posterior pituitary
produced in the supraoptic nucleus

stimulates the reabsorption and retention of water by the kidneys

elevates BP by causing arterioles to contract

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3
Q

Calcitonin

A

thyroid gland

produced in parafollicular cells
stimulates osteoblasts:
promotes deposition of Ca into bone matrix
decreases blood Ca levels

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4
Q

Coticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

A

hypothalamus

stimulates pituitary gland to release ACTH

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5
Q

Cortisol

A

adrenal cortex
zona fasciculata

type of glucocorticoid
aids in chronic stress

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6
Q

Epinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

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7
Q

Estrogen

A

Ovary

generic term for several hormones

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8
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

anterior pituitary

type of gonadotrope
stimulates production of eggs and sperm

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9
Q

Glucagon

A

pancreas
produced by Alpha cells of pancreatic islets

converts glycogen to glucose
increases blood sugar

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10
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

adrenal cortex
zona fasciculata

ex. cortisol

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11
Q

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRNH)

A

hypothalamus

stimulates anterior pituitary to release gonadotropes (FSH and LH)

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12
Q

Gonadocorticoids

A

adrenal cortex
zona reticularis

ex. androgens

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13
Q 
Growth hormone (GH)
somatotropin
A

anterior pituitary

type of somatrope
promotes growth of most of the cells and tissues of the body

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14
Q

Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH)

A

hypothalamus

inhibits anterior pituitary’s release of GH

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15
Q

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

A

hypothalamus

stimulates anterior pituitary’s release of GH

16
Q

Insulin

A

pancreas
produced by Beta cells of pancreatic islets

converts glucose to glycogen
decreases blood sugar

17
Q

Lutenizing hormone (LH)

A

anterior pituitary

type of gonadotrope
stimulates ovulation and testosterone production

18
Q

Melatonin

A

pineal gland

increased release at night
regulates sleep/wake cycle
possible role in sexual maturation

19
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

adrenal cortex
zona glomerulosa

affect salt and water balance
ex. aldosterone

20
Q

Norepinephrine

A

adrenal medulla

21
Q

Oxytocin (OT)

A

posterior pituitary
produced in paraventricular nucleus

stimulates contraction of mammary glands causing release of milk;
also causes uterine contractions

22
Q 
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
parathormone
A

parathyroid gland
produced by chief cells

helps raise Ca blood levels
-promotes intestinal reabsorption
-inhibits urinary excretion
-neuron transmission, muscle contraction, clotting
stimulates osteoclasts
23
Q

Progesterone

A

ovary

24
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

anterior pituitary

type of lactotrope
stimulates mammary glands to begin production of milk

25
Q

Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)

A

hypothalamus

inhibits anterior pituitary’s release of PRL

26
Q

Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH)

A

hypothalamus

stimulates anterior pituitary’s release of PRL

27
Q

Somatostatin

A

pancreas

also called growth hormone-inhibiting hormone
released by Delta cells of pancreatic islets
secreted after meals;
inhibits secretion of stomach acid;
inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon from pancreas;
increases efficiency of digestion

28
Q

Testosterone

A

testes

male secondary sex characteristics

29
Q

Thymopoietin

A

thymus

regulates and activates T-lymphocytes, aiding in immune system function

30
Q

Thymosin

A

thymus

regulates and activates T-lymphocytes, aiding in immune system function

31
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

anterior pituitary

type of thyrotrope
stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

32
Q

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

A

hypothalamus

stimulates anterior pituitary’s release of TSH and PRL

33
Q

Thyroxine (T4)

A

thyroid

produced in follicular cells
formed from iodine and thyroglobin
stored in colloid
transported by thyroxin-binding globulin
increase basal metabolic rates
34
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3)

A

thyroid

produced in follicular cells
most active thyroid hormone
formed from iodine and thyroglobin
stored in colloid
transported by thyroxin-binding globulin
increase basal metabolic rates

Temple A&P (15 decks)

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