Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 19 Module 3 > Lab assessment of Kidney Disease > Flashcards

Lab assessment of Kidney Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Pathologic cause of Pink urine

A

Urates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Orange urine is indicative of

A

Bile pigments

Pyridium (drugs/food)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychoactive drugs, diuretics can turn urine into what color

A

Green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rifampicin, Beets, Blacberries, Rhubarb can turn urine into what color

A

Red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T or F: Nitrofurans and diuretics can turn urine into brown color

A

False, Blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cloudy urine indicates

A

Crystallization/precipitation of urates in acidic urine or phosphates in alkaline urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fruity odor urine indicates

A

Ketosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

if there’s urinary fistula with the bowel the odor of the urine is

A

Fecal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(+) foam in the urine indicates

A

Proteinuria or billirubinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Conditions that may cause an increase in specific gravity in the urine

A

Dehydration
SIADH
Glycosuria
Proteinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal urine PH

A

5.5-6.5 sa notes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acidic urine indicates

A 
Ketosis
Febrile illness
Hypokalemia
High protein diet
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
Acidication therapy
UTI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Glycosuria without high blood sugar is present in

A

Renal tubular dysfunction

Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

False positive for ketones

A

Ascorbic acid
Acidic urine
Concentrated urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Urine test to indicate presence of bilirubin and urobilinogen

A

Foucher’s test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T or F: Dipstick urinalysis combining leukocyte esterase and nitrite testing is an effective and appropriate screening for UTI.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vegetarian diet can result to false negative in test for

A

Nitrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Prolonged urine sample can result to false positive in test for

A

Leukocyte esterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Management If patient is positive in both leukoesterase and nitrate

A

Start antibiotics, this is UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Management If px is (+) for nitrate and (-) for Leukoestarse

A

Start antibiotics and send for culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Management if px is (+) for Leuko and (-) for nitrite

A

Send for microscopy and culture, don’t start antibiotics unless there’s good clinical evidence of UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Management If neg for both Leuko and Nitrite

A

NOT UTI, no need for antibiotcs and sample should not be sent for culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

T or F: Random urine sample can be used for nitrite test

A

False should be first morning urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Epithelial cells of upper or LUT is common if

A

Specimen is not collected mid stream

25
Q

T or F RBCs are larger than WBCs in urinalysis

A

False, WBCs are 1.5-2.0 times the diameter of RBCs

26
Q

Epithelial cells occurs in

A

Renal tubular or lower UTI
Acute tubular recurrent viral inf
Renal transplant rejection

27
Q

These are formed in the absence of cells in the renal tubular lumen; microscopy would show clear colorless, structureless sediments with low refractive index

A

Hyaline cast

28
Q

T or F: Red cells casts in urinalysis is sometimes normal

A

False; ALWAYS pathological

29
Q

Conditions with red cell casts

A 
AGN
Lupus Nephritis
Goodpasture’s syndrome
SBE
Renal infarct
30
Q

Conditions with white cell casts

A

Acute pyelonephritis
Interstitial nephritis
Lupus N

31
Q

Conditions with fatty casts

A

Proteinuria

Nephrotic syndrome

32
Q

Conditions with waxy casts

A

Severe tubular atrophy
Renal failure
Transplant rejection

33
Q

Tests for hormonal function

A

EPO

VIt D

34
Q

Type of crystals found in Lesch Nyhan syndrome

A

Uric acid crystals

35
Q

Type of crystals with yellow to brown rhobic or hexagonal plates, needlese, or resettes characteristics

A

Uric acid crystals

36
Q

T or F amorphous crystals indicate nephrotic syndrome

A

Fasle, amorphous crsytals have no specific clinical interpretation

37
Q

T or F: cysteine crstals is always pathological

A

True it can be found in
Congenital cystinosis
Cystiuria
Renal stone

38
Q

Type of crystals with readially striated spheres with irregular thorn apple or ox horn projections

A

Ammonium urate crystals

39
Q

Conditions with cholesterol crystals

A

Nephritis
Nephritic syndrome
Chyluria
Obstruction to lymphatic flow

40
Q

BUN is an indicator of

A

GFR

41
Q

Urea is filtered in the _____ and it undergoes reabsorbption in the ______

A

Glomeruli; renal tubule

42
Q

Reabsorption of urea in the collecting duct is dependent on

A

Vasopressin

43
Q

Normal BUN-Cr ratio

A

10:1

44
Q

Exretion of creatinine is predominantly by

A

Glomerular filtration

45
Q

Elevated serum crea denotes

A

Diminished renal clearance of creatinine and a decline in GFR

46
Q

How can drugs results to inappropriately low creatinine

A

It competes for renal tubular transport of creatine. Drugs such as cimetidine, trimethoprim, Probenecid

47
Q

T or F: Blood urea is always recommended for assessment of renal function as it is influenced by numerous non renal factors such as elevated lvl from sequestered blood in the GI

A

False, not recommended

48
Q

Formula that is widely used in predicting GFR from serum Creatinine

A

Schwarts formula

49
Q

Most commonly employed and best clinical test for estimation of functioning renal mass

A

GFR

50
Q

Characteristics of an ideal marker agent for studying GFR

A

nontoxic when given endogenously
should achieve a stable plasma concentration in a steady state
should not be bound to plasma protein
should be filtered by glomeruli
should not be secreted by renal tubules
should not be reabsorbed by renal tubules

51
Q

Reference standard for GFR

A

Inulin clearance

52
Q

Considered an ideal marker and the gold standard for measureing GFR

A

Inulin

53
Q

T or F: Urinary excretion of creatinine is a product of muscle catabolism and can be used as an index of muscle mass

A

True

54
Q

This is measured as the sum of creatinine removed from the body

A

Creatinine index

55
Q

This test is indicated in px who are unable to concentrate their urine and have polyuria

A

Test for maximal urine concentrating ability

56
Q

Test for maximal urine concentrating ability is used to differentiate

A

Central DI vs Nephrogenic DI

57
Q

A lack of response to DDAVP and/or pitressin test is indicative of

A

Nephrogenic DI

58
Q

Tests of proton secretory capability of the distal nephron are often necessary in the evaluation of a px with

A

Metabolic acidosis and suspected renal tubular acidosis

Block 19 Module 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions