Lab 8a-Flowers (Angiosperms) Flashcards
Flowers are modified ___
leaves
The calyx is a collective term for all the ___
all sepals
The corolla is the collective term for all the ___
all petals
The perianth consists of the ___ (sepals) and ___ (petals)
calyx, corolla
The androecium is the collective term for all ___ parts of a flower consists of ___
male, stamens
Each stamen is composed of a ___ and an ___
filament, anther
The gynoecium is the collective term for all the ____ parts of the flower and consists of ___
female, carpels
The carpel usually has a ___, ___(joining stigma and ovary), and the basal ___
stigma, style, ovary
The ___ of a single ___ has one ___ (chamber), one set of ___, and one ___ (the region of the ___ where the ovules attach)
ovary, carpel, locule, ovules, placenta, carpel
An ___ consisted of fused ___ will have more than one ___, sets of ___ and ___
ovary, carpels, locule, ovules and placentae
The best indicator of the number of ___ is the number of ___ and sets of ___
carpels, placentae, ovules
Placenta is the location of ___ attachment
ovule
The four placentation types of flowers:
- axile
- parietal
3.free central
4.basal
The evolutionary ancestral flower has ___ symmetry, numerous parts, and superior ___. The derived flower is ___ symmetric, with a ___ number of parts and an ___ ovary.
radial, ovary, bilaterally, reduced, ovary
Flower Structure: ___ flowers tend to have ___ or ___ flower parts (petals, stamens) whereas ___ flowers tend to have multiple of ___ or ___ flower parts.
monocot, three, six, eudicot, four, five
Is it possible to have a perfect incomplete flower
Yes; can have stamen and pistil present on same flower
Is it possible to have an imperfect complete flower
no; cannot lack sepal or petal
The pedicel is the ___ of an individual flower in an ___
stalk, inflorescence
The peduncle is the ___ of a solitary flower or an ___
stalk, inflorescence
The receptacle is the enlarged end of a flower ___ to which the ___, ___, ___ and ___ are attached
stalk, sepals, petals, stamens, carpels
A complete flower is a flower in which all ___ floral parts (___, ___, ___, ___) are present
four, sepal, petal, stamen, carpel
An ___ flower is a flower in which one or more of the four floral parts is ___
incomplete, missing
A ___ flower is a single flower that has both ___ and ___
stamens, pistils
An ___ flower is a flower which either the ___ or ___ are missing
imperfect, stamen, pistil
A flower possessing only stamen (androecium; imperfect) is called a ___ flower
staminate
A flower possessing only pistils (gynoecium; imperfect) is called a ___ flower
pistillate
Both hypogynous and perigynous flowers have ___ ovaries; only epigynous flowers have ___ ovaries
The microgametophytes (pollen) produce male ___ ( ___ cells)
gametes, sperm
Each pollen grain contains a ___ and a ___ cell containing two nuclei
vegetative, generative
The two nuclei are the __ nucleus, which produces the ___ ___, and the ___ nucleus, which produces the two ___ cells
tube, pollen tube, generative, sperm
Are the microsporocytes haploid or diploid
haploid (n)
Tapetal cells function in ___ development, providing nutrition to the ___ ___ (all used up by maturity)
pollen, pollen grains
How many cells make up the mature pollen grain? What are their names?
two; generative, vegetative
How does the pollen of angiosperms differ from the pollen of conifers?
angiosperms are insect pollinated, gymnosperms are wind pollinated
The most common variation in megagametophyte development in angiosperms is called the ___ form
monosporic
In conifers, the pollen lands directly on or in the ___ and the pollen tube only has to grow through the ___ to the megagametophyte. In anthophytes, the pollen tube has a much ___ trip . It lands on the surface of the___ and must grow through the ___, ___, ___ wall and then into the ___
ovule, megagametophyte, longer, stigma, stigma, style, ovary, ovule
unique in angiosperms Double fertilization in monosporic megametophyte development is the fusion of one male ___ with the ___ forming the ___ and a second male ___ with the two ___ nuclei forming the ___
nucleus, egg, zygote, nucleus polar, endosperm
The ploidy of the zygote in a monosporic megametophyte development is ___
triploid (3n)
What is the ploidy of the primary endosperm in tetrasporic megametophyte development?
5n
What is the function of the endosperm in a monosporic megametophyte
support embryonic growth; supplies nutrients and protection
What will each ovule develop into following fertilization in a monosporic megametophyte
seed
What will each ovary develop into following fertilization in a monosporic megametophyte
fruit
