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Biology 192 Lab > Lab 7 > Flashcards

Lab 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three vegetative structures of angiosperms

A

roots, stems, leaves

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2
Q

Contains the shoot apical meristem

A

terminal bud

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3
Q

Causes the shoot system to lengthen in the form of primary growth

A

shoot apical meristem

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4
Q

Continual growth, like that of plants is called

A

indeterminate

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5
Q

Humans growth is termed ___ because we have an approximate predetermined adult size

A

Determinate

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6
Q

\The space between the stem and the upper side of a leaf petiole

A

axil

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7
Q

The axil space always contains the ___

A

axillary bud

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8
Q

If you see what you think is a leaf but it has no axillary bud then it is actually a

A

leaflet

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9
Q

The location of the attachment of a leaf and its axillary bud to the stem

A

Node

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10
Q

The stem segment between nodes

A

internode

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11
Q

Root system with one main root and small lateral roots

A

tap root system

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12
Q

Root system that has many roots of similar size as found in grasses

A

fibrous root system

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13
Q

Branches of a root are called

A

lateral roots

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14
Q

Roots also have __ that increase surface area and thus aid in absorption

A

root hairs

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15
Q

The most distal region of a root where new cells are being produced

A

region of cell division

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16
Q

New root cells are produced by the

A

root apical meristem

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17
Q

A group of undifferentiated , somewhat spherical cells located internally in the root

A

root apical meristem

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18
Q

Protects the root apical meristem, perceives gravity,and secretes a gel that helps lubricate the root as it grows through soil

A

root cap

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19
Q

The region of the root where cells elongate

A

Region of elongation

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20
Q

Region where root cells differentiate and take on heir mature functions

A

regions of maturation

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21
Q

Have xylem in the center, arranged as a few spokes, with phloem between the spokes.

A

Eudicot roots

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22
Q

The outer ring of the solid vascular eudicot root core is called the ___ these cells are meristematic and produce lateral roots

A

Pericycle

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23
Q

Lateral root hair formation is ___ (coming from within)

A

endogenous

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24
Q

Root hair formation is ___ (coming from the surface)

A

exogenous

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25
Q

The ring of cells immediately outside the pericycle is the

A

endodermis

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26
Q

The multilayered zone of cells to the outside is the

A

cortex

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27
Q

The cortex is made of ____ cells that are unspecialized and make up most of the plant body and store starch

A

Parenchyma

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28
Q

The outermost layer of the root

A

epidermis

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29
Q

Have hallow cylinder bundles with xylem and phloem. Pith in the center and cortex to the outside primarily composed of parenchyma cells

A

monocot roots

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30
Q

A young stem of a woody plant

A

Twig

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31
Q

The majority of angiosperm trees are ____ they loose their leaves at the end of a growing season

A

deciduous

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32
Q

When leaves of deciduous trees fall during autumn they leave a ____ just below the axillary bud

A

leaf scar

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33
Q

Cover and protect the shoot apical meristem but fall of when growth begins and thus leave a scar

A

terminal bud scar

34
Q

Most twigs have small markings on them called ___ which are loose places in the bark through which gases can diffuse

A

lenticels 1

35
Q

Leaf arrangement is also called

A

phyllotaxis

36
Q

Two leaves are attached at each node (Maple)

A

Opposite

37
Q

One leaf is attached at each node, in a spiral or other arrangement on the stem (Roses and Oaks)

A

Alternate

38
Q

More than two leaves are attached at each node. Less common. (Tiger lillies, horsetails)

A

Whorled

39
Q

Several leaves are attached at the base of a stem. (Dandelion)

A

Basal Rosette

40
Q

A leaf is made of a flat expanded portion called the ___ and a stalk called the ____

A

blade

petiole

41
Q

Some leaves have two smaller flat green structures attached near their base

A

stipules

42
Q

IF the leaf has only one blade it is

A

simple

43
Q

IF the leaf is divided into separate blades the parts are called ___ and the leaf is ___

A

leaflets

compound

44
Q

The single blade has arms

A

Simple lobed

45
Q

Leaves have more than one blade

A

Compound

46
Q

The leaflets are arranged like a feather

A

Pinnately compound

47
Q

All leaflets are attached at the same point

A

Palmately compound

48
Q

There are three leaflets

A

Trifoliate

49
Q

Leaflets are divided into sub leaflets

A

Bipinnately compound

50
Q

The main veins of he leaf are parallel (monocots)

A

Parallel

51
Q

Secondary veins branch from a primary vein (eudicots)

A

Pinnate

52
Q

All main veins arise a the base of the blade; his pattern is found in some Eudicots

A

palmate

53
Q

Veins repetitively branch into two parts; this arrangement is unusual

A

Dichotomous

54
Q

Contain a cylinder of vascular bundles, containing xylem to the inside and phloem to the outside. Cells toward the center from this cylinder are called pith. Pith and cortex are both made of parenchyma cells. Cells to the outside are called cortex. The outermost ring of cells is the epidermis

A

Eudicot stem

55
Q

In woody plants the ___ will divide producing secondary xylem to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside

A

vascular cambium

56
Q

Scattered vascular bundles each with xylem ad phloem. The vascular bundles are usually surrounded by fibers that help support the stem

A

Monocot stem

57
Q

The thickening of stems and roots that occurs in some plant species

A

secondary growth

58
Q

In secondary growth the ___ produces secondary xylem (wood) to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside

A

vascular cambium

59
Q

Plants that produe no secondary tissue are called

A

herbaceous

60
Q

Plants that produce secondary tissue are called

A

woody

61
Q

A woody plant with one trunk is a

A

tree

62
Q

A woody plant with several stems is a

A

shrub

63
Q

All tissues outside the vascular cambium. Arises on woody plants, is a complex structure consisting of few to several layers

A

bark

64
Q

A cylinder of meristematic cells producing cells to the inside and outside

A

cork cambium

65
Q

The cork cambium and its derivatives outward are called the

A

periderm

66
Q

The cells produced to the outside of the cork cambium are called

A

cork cells

67
Q

Modified leaves or parts of leaves

A

Spines

68
Q

Have modified leaves that can capture insects

A

Carnivorous plants

69
Q

Modified leaves under an inflorescence, look like petals

A

Bracts

70
Q

Modified branches

A

Thorns

71
Q

Modified leaves or stems (grape ____)

A

Tendrils

72
Q 
Opposite leaf arrangement 
Simple lobed 
Palmate 
Lenticels on young branches 
Samara fruits
A

Maple

73
Q

Opposite leaf arrangement
Upward curling branches
chunky square bark pieces
Little red berries are drupes

A

Dogwood

74
Q

Alternate leaf arrangement
Simple lobed
Starburst leaves
Fruit is a capsule (small spiky ball)

A

Sweetgum

75
Q

Alternate leaf arrangement
Simple lobed
Fuzzy bud covers

A

Magnolia

76
Q

Alternate leaf arrangement
Simple lobed
Fruit is a nut
Used for food and lumber

A

Oak

77
Q

Opposite leaf arrangement
Pinnately compound
Bark is in thick vertical ridges
Samara fruits (wind dispersal)

A

Ash

78
Q 
Native to Boise
Simple 
Alternate leaf arrangement 
ASA is derived from this tree
Found along rivers
Nesting site for birds
A

Willow (salix)

79
Q

Alternate leaf arrangement
Simple
FOund along rivers and streams
Rot in the center creating hollow nesting sites
Dioecious, the females produce the white fluffy stuff in spring

A

Cottonwood (Populus)

80
Q

Pinnately compound
Spiny stipules
Fruit is a legume

A

Black locust

Biology 192 Lab (4 decks)

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