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Biology Lab > lab 6 > Flashcards

lab 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Angiosperms vs. Gymnosperms
Both have:

only angiosperms have:

Which generation time is shorter?

A

vascular tissue, pollen/pollen tube, seeds, secondary metabolites

flowers and fruit

The angiosperm generation time is shorter

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2
Q

What is the function of a fruit?

A

dispersal of seeds

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3
Q

Some insect pollinators see UV light, and different flowers give off different UV patterns: True or False

A

true

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4
Q

Coevolution of angiosperms and ________ has developed.

A

pollinators-is more than just insects.

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5
Q

What are the 4 whorls of a flower?

A
  1. sepal=calyx
  2. petal=corolla
  3. Stamen=androecium
  4. Carpel=gynoecium
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6
Q

What does incomplete mean?

What does Complete mean?

A

missing at least on whorl

All whorls are present

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7
Q

What are teh sepals and the petals called when they look alike and it is hard to tell the difference?

A

Tepals

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of a Monocot?

A
  1. flower parts usually in threes or multiples of three.
  2. leaves usually have parallel veins
  3. usually no secondary growth
  4. vascular bundles distributed in ground tissue in stem
  5. fibrous root system
  6. seeds have on cotyledon
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of a Eudicot?

A
  1. flower parts usually in fours or fives(or multiples thereof)
  2. leaves usually have netted veins
  3. Secondary growth hing the vascular cambium
  4. vascular bundles distributed as a ring in stem
  5. Usually taproot system
  6. seeds have two cotyledons
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10
Q

Hypogynous flower:

A

Superior ovary. Sepals petals and stamens attached at the base of the ovary.

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11
Q

Perigynous flower:

A

Superior ovary. Sepals, petals, stamens surround ovary on teacup-like structure.

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12
Q

Epigynous flower:

A

Inferior ovary. sepals, petals, stamens at the top of ovary.

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13
Q

Symmetry:

Radial=_______=

Bilateral=_______=

A

regular=actinomorphic

irregular=zygomorphic

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14
Q

Fusion of parts

Connation=

Adnation=

A

fusion of one whorls

fusion of two different whorls

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15
Q

What does perfect mean?

A

flower has both male and female parts

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16
Q

What does imperfect monoecious mean?

A

Two separate flowers, one with female and one with mail parts.

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17
Q

What does imperfect dioecious mean?

A

Male and female are on two different plants.

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18
Q

What part becomes the fruit?

A

the ovary

19
Q

What part becomes the seed?

A

ovule

20
Q

define inflorescence

A

group of flowers attached to receptacle

21
Q

the whole structure of a flower is called a ______?

A

Head

22
Q

A daisy is composed of two different flowers, what are they called?

A

ray(female) and disk(female and male)

23
Q

fleshy(fruits) are complex meaning they developed form _____ ______?

A

> 1 ovary

24
Q

What are the two types of fleshy complex fruits?

A

Aggregate: came form one flower with many ovaries

Multiple: came from ovaries of multiple flowers which fuse together

25
Q

what is an example of an aggregate fruit?

A

raspberry

26
Q

what is an example of a multiple fruit?

A

pineapple

27
Q

Angiosperm Reproduction Phylum Anthophyta (flower plant)

What are some angiosperm advantages?

A
  • shorter generation times(more rapid natural selection
  • More efficient pollination (flowers/pollinators (doesn’t have to rely on something like wind) because of this there is an increase in cross pollination.
  • better seed dispersal (fruit)
  • more efficient vascular tissue
  • (covered seeds)
28
Q

Fruits: mature ovaries

What do simple fruits develop from?

A

develop from only 1 ovary

fleshy

29
Q

What kind of a fruit is a berry, and what is it like and whats an example?

A

it is a simple; fleshy skin, many seeds (tomato, pepper)

fleshy

30
Q

What kind of fruit is a pepo and what is it like and what is an example?

A

It is simple; hard leathery rind, many seeds (squash, cucumber)

fleshy

31
Q

What kind of fruit is a hesperidium; what are the characteristics and an example?

A

simple; peel able skin, each segment contains >1 seeds, (orange)
fleshy

32
Q

What kind of fruit is a pome, what are characteristics, and what is an example of it?

A

simple; inferior ovary, eating receptacle (apple, pear)

fleshy

33
Q

What kind of fruit is a drupe; characteristics and examples?

A

simple; large pit on the inside, mesocarp-fleshy (avocado, plum)

fleshy

34
Q

Fruits(dry): Mature Ovaries

define dehiscent:

A

fruit spits open at maturity

35
Q

Define legume (dry, dehiscent)

A

splits along two suture lines, pod=fruit, pea=seed (pea, peanut)

36
Q

Define follicle (dry, dehiscent)

A

splits along one suture (milkweed)

37
Q

Define capsule (dry dehiscent)?

A

splits many ways/many pores (iris, sweet gum)

38
Q

Define indehiscent?

A

fruit does not split open at maturity

39
Q

define samara (Indehiscent dry)

A

thin pericarp (ovary wall) with wings (maple, ash)

40
Q

Define achene (dry indehiscent)

A

thin pericarp that is NOT fused to seed coat (sunflower)

41
Q

Define caryopsis (dry indehiscent)

A

thin pericarp that IS fused to seed coat (grains)

42
Q

Define nut (dry Indehiscent)

A

thick and hard pericarp, cap is modified seeds (acorn)

43
Q

What does a wall of fruits= ?

A

pericarp

44
Q

What are the drupe layers made out of?

A

skin (exocarp)

Stone (endocarp

flesh (mesocarp)

Biology Lab (6 decks)

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